6.1 Flashcards
Reproduction not involving gametes
which produces genetically identical offspring.
Asexual reproduction
The part of a chromosome that ties together two sister chromatids
Centromere
The process of decreasing the number of
chromosomes in a cell that results from
correct gamete production in meiosis
Chromosome reduction
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis; contributes to genetic variation
Crossing over (recombination)
Containing two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent (2n)
Diploid
Having a wide variety
Diversity
The combination of the sperm and egg
cells to produce a zygote
Fertilization
Reproductive cells produced by germline
cells in sexually reproducing organisms;
sex cells, sperm or egg cells
Gametes
Cells in the reproductive organs fo sexually reproducing organisms which produce gametes through meiosis.
Germline cells
Containing only one copy of each chromosome, from only one parent (n)
Haploid
A law stating that each allele pair segregates randomly to the haploid gametes
in meiosis, so which allele a gamete receives for one gene is not affected by
which allele the gamete receives for another gene
Law of independent assortment
A law stating that allele pairs separate
during gamete formation, so each gamete carries only one allele for each
gene
Law of segregation
Cell division occurring in germline cells
which results in the production of haploid
gametes
Meiosis
The product of the reproduction of a new
organism produced by one or more parents
Offspring
Reproduction involving gametes that
produces genetically diverse offspring.
Sexual reproduction
