4.1 vocab Flashcards
A segment of DNA located on a chromosome that Gene codes for a protien
Gene
The complete set of DNA in an organism
Genome
A single-stranded nucleic acid, made of RNA, that is a
copy of a specific DNA sequence; created by the cell
for transferring the genetic information in DNA to a
ribosome to make a protein
Messenger RNA
(mRNA)
A nucleotide polymer capable of storing and transferring genetic information
Nucleic acids
A molecule made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base; the monomer of nucleic acids.
Nucleotide
A single-stranded nucleic acid that contains uracil instead of thymine; can make tRNA, mRNA, or rRNA
Ribonucleic acid
(RNA)
A simple sugar which is a component of the RNA nucleotide.
Ribose sugar
A non-coding RNA synthesized in the nucleolus which is a vital component of ribosomes.
Ribosomal RNA
(rRNA)
The order of nitrogen bases in a nucleic acid or amino acids in a protein.
Sequence
The process of making something, such as a new molecule or protein by combining parts or elements.
Synthesis
A specific physical, behavioral, or physiological characteristic or feature of an organism, which is determined from its genes
Trait
An RNA molecule that helps build proteins by transporting and linking an amino acid to messenger RNA.
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
A pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine and is found only in RNA
Uracil
