Viticulture Flashcards
Ranking in wine acreage
Top in world
14.7% of total world production
22% of world market by volume (#1) but #3 by value
Ranking in wine produced
3rd in world
14.7% of total world production
22% of world market by volume (#1) but #3 by value
3 main regions for production
Castilla la Mancha
Extremadura
Cataluna
Then La Rioja
Pergola = Parral
VTS
North west Spain inc Gallicia
Overhead system => max air circulation
Prevents mildew
Wire trellis = Parra
Stone posts – grapes picked from below
Cultivation of other crops below
Some modernisation = > other systems
Gobelet = En vaso
VTS
Continental Spain and Islands
Protects from sunburn
Trunk head pruned to small bush = bush vines
Found in old and low density vineyards
Marco real system = chequerboard pattern (2.5m apart)= min hydraulic stress. Such vines trained ‘en cabeza’ head of vine trained downwards (protects from sunburn)
Espaldera
VTS
Modern method
Trunk 3ft off ground with ½ cordons on wires
Cordons trained upwards to a curtain
Allows for mechanisation and irrigation
What are the 2 significant lowland areas in Spain
Ebro basin
Andalusian plain
How many years must a VC exist before applying for promotion to DO
5 years
How many autonomous communities are there in Spain
17
What are Spain’s five most planted grape varieties
Garnacha, Tempranillo, Bobal, Airen, Vivura/Macabeo
Name the only DO exclusively dedicated to vino dolce
DO Malaga
What is the time in Barrel for a Gran Reserva vino tinto with traditional aging requirements
18/12
What is the Spanish name for the mixture of yeast and sugar used to initiate a second fermentation in a vino espumoso
Licor de tiraje
What are the 4 primary quality standards set by a CR to become a DO
Grape varieties
Vineyard practice - production
Vinification techniques
Aging
What are the top three most planted grapes in Spain
Airen, Tempranillo and Bobal
What are the top three most planted white grapes in Spain
Airen, Macabeo, Cayetena Blanca
What are the top four most planted red grapes in Spain
Tempranillo, Bobal, Garnacha Tinta and Monastrell
Which type of oak barrels are preferred in Spain
Historically American - cheaper, more powerful and sweeter. Works well with Tempranillo - but now French and Hungarian
What is the designation Noble
Wine aged for 18/12 in barrel
What is the designation Anejo
Mature - wine aged for 24/12 in barrel
What is the designation Viejo
Old - wine aged for 36/12 in barrel
What solution was found to red wines with high alcohol and low acidity
Add white grapes
What are the 3 signature white varietal spanish wines
Albarino (Galicia), Verdejo (Rueda) and Godello (Green Spain and CyL)
Where are the signature rose wines made
Navarra and Cataluna and Cigales
