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Spanish Wine Scholar 2021 > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Abrigo

A

Means wall in Spanish
DO Lanzarote
Walls surrounding Hoyas protection from wind

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2
Q

Albariza

A

Type of soil
Chalk limestone
Water retentive
DO JXS, MSdB, and MM

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3
Q

Albero

A

Absorbent sand
Floor of Sherry bodegas
Local name for Albariza soil in MM

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4
Q

Aloque

A

Semi/red wine
DO Valdepenas

Hallo… there is a queue for the half price red wine for pennies

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5
Q

Anada

A

Term for vintage

On Sherry labels

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6
Q

Anejo

A 
DO Carinena Aragon
Intensely oxidised wines
>15% alcohol 
>24/12 barrel
Anejo= aged

Aragon even just oxidised
AnnaMaria and Jo= Carinas

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7
Q

Arenas

A

Sand soil

DO JXS or MSdB

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8
Q

Arrope

A

Dark syrup

Heat must juice over fire to 1/5 original volume

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9
Q

Anticyclone

A

Weather system with high pressure

Calm rotating winds

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10
Q

Azores high

A

Azores anticyclone
Impacts Iberian peninsula
Bright sunny weather

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11
Q

Barros

A

Clay soil

DO JXS or MSdB

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12
Q

Bodega

A

Winery

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13
Q

Bota

A

Barrel

DO JXS, MBdS

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14
Q

Brisats

A

Orange wines

Cataluna

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15
Q

Cabeco

A

Blending dry and sweet sherry

= Cream sherry

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16
Q

Calatayud Superiore

A

DO Calatayud
Low yielding vines
>50 yrs
>85% Garnacha

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17
Q

Call Vermell

A

Reddish clay
Limestone gravel
Mallorca

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18
Q

Cava

A

Spanish sparkling

Metodo tradicional

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19
Q

Cava de Paraje Calificado

A 
Qualified single estate cava
Highest quality
Single vineyard
Vines >10 yrs
Aged >36/12 on lees
Vintage dated
Finished as Brut, Brut Nature or Extra Brut
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20
Q

Cierzo

A 
Wind
Strong, dry, cooling
N, NW
Rioja, Navarro, Aragon and Cataluna 
Autumn and Winter
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21
Q

Clarete

A

Red and White crushed together
Vinified as red wine
Light-red or semi-red

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22
Q

Classic Penedes

A

Cava
DO Penedes
Must be 100% organic
Aged for >15/12 on lees

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23
Q

Colleiteiro

A

Boutique winery
Annual production under 60,000l
Estate grown wines from Ribeiro, Galicia

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24
Q

Consejo Regulador

A

Regulating Council for each DOP
Regulates viti and vini
Sets quality controls inc aging
Proof of origin

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25
Cordon Trenzado
Training system Canary Islands Vines braided on long ropes Can be moved for other crops
26
Cosecha
Harvest or Vintage Category of wine with no ageing requirement Cos it’s a harvest
27
Consecheros
Rioja growers Red wine Carbonic maceration Wild yeast ferment Heroes of Rioja for consulting on wild yeasts for carbonic
28
Costers
Banks Of river Steep
29
Criaderas
Nurseries | Tier of butts within a solera containing sherry of same age
30
Crianza
Ageing category Vinos Tintos Aged >24/12 with >6/12 in barrel Vinos Blancos and Rosados Aged >18/12 with >6/12 in barrel Some DOs may modify/extend
31
Denominacion de Origen DO
Defined areas of production Designation of Origin Also DO Protegida or Protected DO
32
Denominacion de Origen Calificada or Qualificada
DOs with higher quality levels held for over 10 year DOQ in Catalan Produced and bottled in region Cost double that of national average DO wines Only Rioja DOCa and Piorat DOQ
33
Destilado
Distilled | Generally distilled wine from Airen used to make sherry
34
Double pasta
Double pulp Method of vinifying grapes DO Utiel-Requena and DO Manchuela Skins and pulp of Bobal rosado added to fermenting Bobal must Double-macerated, highly extracted, tannic red wine
35
Embat
Soft humid sea breeze Mallorca Daytime Saline notes
36
En cabeza
Vine training Head of vine trained down Protects fruit Continental Spain and islands Head down as you get in a cab
37
En rama
On the branch Biologically aged sherries Very lightly filtered
38
En vaso
Vine Training system Trunk head pruned and kept short gobelet or bush
39
Espaldera
VTS Trunk 3ft from ground One or two permanent arms Cordons resting on supporting wires Vertical shoot positioning on a trellis
40
Espumosos di Calidad de Rioja
Quality sparkling wines of Rioja Option for cava within DO Rioja Cava Only option for outside DO Cava
41
Flor or Velo de Flor
Film of surface yeasts
42
Foehn effect
Warm dry wind Leeward side of mountain Caused by condensation of water vapour on windward side
43
Fondillon
``` Sweet wine DO Alicante Overripe Monastrell >10yr ageing Optional solera ``` Sweet Fun in Alicante
44
Foudres
Large wooden casks | 300l or more
45
Garnacha del Emporda
Sweet Red wine DO Emporda Aged >24/12 >90% Garnacha Tinta or Garnacha Peluda
46
Generico
Generic DOCa Rioja No min ageing Zonal classification in DOCa Rioja where does not conform to single zone, municipality or vineyard
47
Girasol
``` Mechanised riddling machine Pre Gyropalette 1970s 24 Frenchmen 504 bottles ```
48
Gran Anada
Espumosos de Calidad de Rioja Extended lees aging >36/12 Vintage labelling
49
Gran Reserva
Aging category Vinos Tintos Aged >60/12 of which >18/12 in barrel Vinos Blancos e Rosados Aged >48/12 of which > 6/12 in barrel Vinos Tintos DOCa Rioja Aged >60/12 of which >24/12 in barrel and >24/12 in bottle
50
Gran Reserva Cava
Cava Aged >30/12 on lees Finished as Brut,Brut Nature or Extra Brut
51
Gran Vinya Classificada
Single vineyard classification DOQ Priorst Supersedes Vi de Finca
52
Hoya
Hole DO Lanzarote Approx 3m deep and wide
53
Jerez Superior
Subdivision of production zone | Vineyards with Albariza soil
54
Joven
Young
55
Lapilli
Layer small pebbles Volcanic porous Canaries = Picon
56
Levante
``` Wind Easterly Gentle and moist Increases to hot and dry =Levanter, Solano ```
57
Leveche
Wind Hot dry dusty Origin N Africa Valencia and Alicante
58
Licor de tiraje
Mix yeast and sugar Initiates second fermentation in sparkling = Liqueur de tirage
59
Llicorella
``` Soil Shallow Copper colour Decomposed slate/shale Low organic content DOQ Priorat Some DO Montsant and Conca se Barbera ```
60
Madreo
Vino rosado DO Tierra de Leon Whole clusters added to vat of fermenting must Complex flavours Made Rose
61
Majuelo
Family owed and run vineyard Grapes sold to Castilla y Leon Make juice in Leon
62
Malmsey
Sweet white wine Unfortified Malvasia Produced in Canaries
63
Marco de Jerez
Area around the nine towns entitled to grow grapes for sherry
64
Marco Real
Planting to minimise hydric stress | Chessboard shape 2.5 m apart in all directions
65
Metodo traditional
Traditional method for sparkling
66
Mistela de Moscatel
Sweet fortified Moscatel de Alejandria must Valencia No fermentation
67
Mitad y mitad
50:50 distilled grape spirit and mature sherry | Used to fortify sherry
68
Monterri Superior
DO Monterri | >85% native variety
69
Mosto prensa
Sherry Press fraction that receives the most pressure => coarser less elegant wine Used for distillation
70
Mutage
Neutral grape spirit added to fermenting must | Stops ferment => more alcohol + residual sugar
71
Pajarete
Paxarette Fortified sweet wine PX and/or Moscatel DO Malaga Sort of wine you would drink in pyjamas
72
Penal
Soil Limestone rich silty loam DO Montsant in Cataluna
73
Parra
Wire trellis fixed on granite posts | Forms parral/ pergola
74
Parral
``` VTS overhead trellis Good for air circulation Even ripening Prevents mildew ```
75
Phylloxera
Sap sucking insect
76
Picon
Soil | Lapilli
77
Pie franco
Ungrafted grapevine
78
Poniente
Wind Cool humid westerly/north westerly Opposes Levante wind
79
Primera Yema
Sherry Free run juice Fino production
80
Rancio
Very oxidised wine
81
Rayas
Sherry Sherries that have spent time outside in baking sun 1-2 yrs Blended with sweetness => dessert sherries
82
Ranas
Terraces
83
Reconquista
Reconquest | Reclaiming of Iberia by Christian after Moors/Islam
84
Rectified Concentrated Grape Must
Sugar solution from grape must | Used in sherry to sweeten
85
Reserva
Aging Vinos Tintos >36/12 of which >12/12 in barrel Vinos Blancos and Rosados >24\12 of which >6/12 in barrel DO Cava >15/12 on lees Espumosos de Caldid de Rioja >24/12 on lees
86
Ria
Submerged river valley | Often branched or tree-like
87
Ribera Sacra Summum
DO Ribera Sacra Tinto > 85% designated varieties >60% Mencia Blanco 100% designated varieties
88
Rosado de Aguja
``` Semi-sparkling rose VC Valles de Benavente Small injection of CO2 CyL Hint of effervescence ```
89
Ruedos
Soil DO Montilla-Moriles Sandy topsoil, clay subsoil Reudos = Arena (with Sandy surface)
90
Saignee or Sangrado
Bleeding the tanks | Vino rosado
91
Saulo
Decomposed granite sands | DO Montsant, Cataluna
92
Sagunda yema
Sherry Juice from first gentle press of must Olorosso
93
Sobremadre
With the mother Fermentation technique Solids remain with unfiltered wine for 90-180 days Slightly fizzy wines
94
Sobretabla
Intermediate stage in sherry classification
95
Solano
Wind Easterly wind Brings dry weather Andalusia- Seville and Cadiz Damp Ask no favour during a solano
96
Soleo/ Asoleado
Grapes dried on straw mats DO Manzilla-Moriles Concentrates sugar and alcohol
97
Solera
1. Vertical stacking of casks of various vintages 2. Bottom row of butts in a vertical stack 3. Dynamic aging system 4. fractional blending and aging system
98
Sweet PX
Sweet wine from sun dried PX grapes | DO Montilla-Moriles
99
Tarragona Clasico
DO Tarragona High alcohol vino dolce Aged for 12yrs in large oak barrels Sometimes solera used
100
Tinaja
Large earthenware jar | Fermentation and wine storage
101
Tostado do Ribeiro
Sweet fortified white DO Ribeira, Galicia Vineyard planting craze 17/18c
102
Tramontana
Wind North Strong, dry Cataluna and Balearics
103
Txakoli
Basque wine | Rescued
104
Valdeorras Castas Nobles
DO Valdeorras | >85% designated varieties
105
Vara y pulgar
VTS Stick and Thumb DO JXS and MSdB DOCa Rioja
106
Vi de Finca
DOQ Piorat Highest quality to 2019 Now Vinya Classificada or Gran Vinya Classificada
107
Vi di Partage
DOQ Priorat Similar to Lieu dit Delimited sites - Partage Geological or topographical features
108
Vi de Vila
DOQ Priorat High profile village Historic or social element Plus approved subzone
109
Vino (de Espana)
Lowest level on quality pyramid Vino de Mesa No specific geographic area Country of origin, Grape and harvest may be on label
110
Vino de Calidid con Indicacion Geografica VC
``` Wine category Between VT and DO Designated grapes, area Quality and reputation based on geographic environment 7 ```
111
Vino de Indicacion Geografica Protegida IGP
``` Quality label Protected geographical Indication EU label Less strict than DO, DOCa Expected to reflect region/place Vino de la Terra falls into this category ```
112
Vino de la Tierra VT
``` Quality Label Country wine = IGP Particular area Identifiable local characteristics Relaxed viti and vini compared to DO/DOCa 42 First rung =Below VC ```
113
Vino de licor
Fortified wine
114
Vino de Mesa
Quality label Table wine Now Vino (de Espana)
115
Vino de Pago VP
Wine quality Highly regarded single estates Unique soils or mesoclimates May lie outside DO
116
Vino de Tea
Canary Islands Red, white or rose Aged for max 6/12 Pine tea barrels
117
Vino dulce
Sweet wine
118
Vino espumosos
Sparkling wine
119
Vino generoso
Dry fortified wine
120
Vino generoso di licor
Sweet fortified wine
121
Vino Naranja
Aromatised sweet wine DO Condado de Heulva Rinds of bitter oranges
122
Vino tostado
Sweet fortified white wine DO Ribeiro Sun dried grapes
123
Vino de colour
Wines used to deepen the colour of sherry
124
Vinos de Municipio
Quality label Village wines DOCa Rioja Single village
125
Vinos de Zona
Quality label DOCa Rioja Sub-regional Mainly used in Rioja Alavesa or Rioja Alta
126
Vinya Classificada
``` Quality label DOCa Piorat Similar to Premier cru Single vineyard Supercedes Vi de Finca ```
127
Vinyes Velles
Catalan for old vines DOQ Priorat >75 yr vines Or planted pre 1945
128
Vinedo singular
``` Quality label DOCa Rioja Single vineyard Lower yields Hand harvested fruit >35 yr vines ```
129
Zona de Crianza
Sherry Ageing and maturing zone Area around Jerez de Frontera, El Puerto de Santa Maria and Sanluacar de Barrameda Sherry triangle
130
Zona de Produccion
Sherry Area of production Area around 9 towns which Consejo Regulador considers suitable for grapes for sherry and manzanilla Soils inc albariza, arenas and barros

Spanish Wine Scholar 2021 (25 decks)

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