Ebro Valley: Navarra Flashcards
Which regions are included in the Ebro River valley
Navarra, Aragon and La Rioja
Who was Ferdinand II
Ferdinand the Catholic 1452-1516 lived to 64
King at 26
Married Isabella of Castile to unite Spain
Spanish Inquisition
Expulsion of Jews and Moors from Granada
Empire inc Naples and Sicily
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas 1494
Divided New world between Spain and Portugal
When were settlements first recorded in Navarra
40,000 years ago
What are dolmens
Prehistoric ~1000BC burial chambers
Which tribe originally inhabited Navarra
Vascones (Basques)
Why did the Romans dislike/like Navarra
Mountainous - difficult to conquer
Fertile - good for farming
Which invading forces did the Basques repel
Visigoths, Franks and Moors
Which road was influential for winemaking during the 9c-10c
Pilgrims to Santiago
Which was the most influential King of Navarra in 11c
King Sancho III - Kingdom divided after his death
What happened on the death of King Sancho VII in 1234
Navarra came under French control Teobaldo I of Champagne
What are fueros
Part of Roman Law
Self government granted to people of Navarra
King of Navarra must swear to support Fueros
Still relevant that people of Navarra have right of separate decision making
Was Navarra for or against Franco
For
Pamplona was central point for rebellion
Many rewards for their support
What % of vineyards were lost due to root louse in 19c
95% and 80 grape varieties
When was Navarra made an autonomous region
1982
What role did ETA play in Navarra
Navarra was in discussion with Basques to create one region but decided to self- govern with fueros
What is the location of Navarra
N= France
E=Aragon
S=Aragon
W=La Rioja and Pais Vasco
Capital= Pamplona
One of Spain’s least populated regions
3 regions
What is the climate of Navarra
Continental
Some maritime influence from Bay of Biscay
Mountain area In North coldest and wettest
Vineyards area is South - dry and warm
Cierzo
What is the Bardenas Reales
dry arid desert in SE Navarra
What is the topography of Navarra
North = Mountains Montes Vasco and Pirineos
Ebro River Basin
Tributaries = Aragon, Agra, Ega
What is Navarra’s highest peak
Mesa de la Tros Reyes 2,444m
Table of the 3 Kings
Shared with Aragon and France
What are the soils of Navarra
Loams, Marls and Sand
Clay near the river
What is the prominent grape varieties of Navarra
Tempranillo (34%) and Garnacha (23%)
Merlot and Cabernet 30% of plantings
Is the region known for its indigenous grapes
No - prominent use of international varieties
What is the type of wine the region is best known for
Although red is 60% of wine produced it is best known for rosado (30%)
What type of land are the vineyards on
Hillside slopes and valley floors
What is ‘sangrado’
method for making rosado= saignee
term meaning ‘bled’ for a winemaking technique which results in a rosé wine made by running off, or ‘bleeding’, a certain amount of free-run juice from just-crushed dark-skinned grapes after a short, prefermentation maceration. The aim of this may be primarily to produce a lightly pink wine, or to increase the proportion of phenolics and flavour compounds to juice, thereby effecting a form of concentration of the red wine which results from fermentation of the rest of the juice with the skins. The second operation has often been undertaken by ambitious producers of both red bordeaux and red burgundy.
What are the sangrado requirements
Gravity only to draw off juice
Can take hours
Max of 40l per kg
Remainder used for red wine
DO Navarra - date
1933 Very Early!!
DO Navarra - wine style
Tinto 63%
ROSADO 25% ++
Famous for rosado
DO Navarra - soils
Marl, loam, clay
DO Navarra - climate
Contintental
Maritime influences
Cierzo
550m
DO Navarra - topography
550m
10,774 ha
5 subzones
What is special about subzone Valdizarbe in DO Navarra
On Camino
Most humid
Most Diverse palette of grapes
What is special about Baja Montana in DO Navarra
Foothills of Pirineos
Garnacha
Rosados
What is special about Ribera Alta in DO Navarra
Central
Truly continental climate
Dry
3 rivers
High terraces
Tempranillo
What is special about Ribera Baja in DO Navarra
Southernmost
Warmest
Ebro river
Next to Aragon
Moscatel
What is special about Tierra Estella in DO Navarra
Westernmost
Highest
Clay marl
Tempranillo and Cab Sav
Navarra DO - OCW
Navarra, known in English as Navarre, autonomous region in north east spain which also lends its name to a denominated wine zone with 11,500 ha/27,500 acres of vineyard in 2012. The kingdom of Navarra once stretched from bordeaux to Barcelona but today this extensive denomination is overshadowed by the neighbouring do zone rioja, a small part of which extends into the province of Navarra (see map under spain). The wines share a common history.
Pilgrims en route to Santiago de Compostela fuelled the demand for wine in the Middle Ages. Later, in the mid 19th century, both Rioja and Navarra benefited greatly from their proximity to France after it was invaded by the phylloxera louse. Because northern Spain was affected considerably later than south west France, vineyards here were expanded and large quantities of Navarran wine were sold to producers in France until phylloxera arrived in Navarra itself in 1892. The region recovered fairly quickly but the area under vine in 1990 was less than a third of that a century before.
The region splits into five subzones according to climate, from the cooler slopes of the Baja Montaña close to the Pyrenean foothills and the slightly warmer Valdizarbe and Tierra Estella districts in the north of Navarra, to Ribera Alta in the centre of the region, and Ribera Baja round the city of Tudela in the south. Rainfall totals range between 600 mm (23 in) in the north and 400 mm in the south and east, while summer temperatures become correspondingly warmer. With over 30% of Navarra’s vineyards, Ribera Baja has traditionally been the most important of the five subzones, although most of the new planting in the late 1980s and early 1990s took place in the cooler north.
The Garnacha grape (see grenache) has dominated Navarra’s vineyards but plantings of tempranillo increased considerably in the 1990s. Garnacha lends itself to good, dry rosé, which Navarra continues to make in large quantities. Some distinctive sweet whites are made from Moscatel de Grano Menudo (Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains) grown in the south. This century the region’s wines have suffered on both domestic and foreign markets, being penalized for the widespread planting of imported varieties, which include Tempranillo in these parts, plus a reliance on high-yielding young vineyards. The new varieties and technical improvements have been largely promoted by the oenological research station, EVENA, set up at Olite by the consejo regulador and the regional government.
In King Teobaldo’s reign new viticulture was introduced and new grapes from which French region?
Burgundy
What is the only DO in Navarra
DO Navarra
Which 3 VPs are mentioned
Pago de Otazu, Pardo de Irache (wine fountain) and Arinzano
Does DO Navarra cover all of Navarra?
No- only about 50% of region in the South
DO Navarra has how many subzones
5
Plantings of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in total surpass plantings of Garnacha Tinta in Navarra. T or F
False
Which DO Navarra subzone located in the foothills of the Pirineos is best known for its vinos rosados
Baja Montana
Which 3 grapes dominate the blends of vinos tintos in DO Navarra
Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
What grape was largely planted to replace vines lost from phylloxera in Navarra
Garnacha Tinta
What percentage of vineyards did Navarra lose from phylloxera
95%
What is the term for the peoples right to self govern in Navarra
Fueros
The entire autonomous region of Navarra is situated within the Ebro River Basin. T or F
True
Which Navarra sub zone has the most diverse palette of grapes
Valdozarbe
What is most planted white grape in Navarra
Chardonnay
What method is usually used for producing vinos Rosados in Navarra
Sangrado (Saignee)
What is the name of the popular annual celebration held in Pamplona
San Fermin Running of the Bulls
Which 2 international varieties comprise approx 30% of total area in Navarra
Cab Sav and Merlot
Which 3 regions comprise the Ebro Valley
La Rioja, Navarra and Aragon
How many subzones does Navarra have
5
Which subzones of Navara are subject to the Cierzo wind?
Ribiera - Alta and Baja
How is the region of Navarra subdivided
Montana, Zona Media and Ribiera
What % of Navarra region does the DO cover
50%
Are Baja Montana roses pale or deep coloured?
Deep and slightly tannic
Which is the warmest subzone in DO Navarra
Ribiero Baja`
Which is the largest subzone in DO Navarra
Ribiero Alta - but Baja is the most important
Which subzones in DO Navarra have moscatel?
Ribiera Baja and Alta
