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GI Week 2 > Vitamins and Minerals > Flashcards

Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

where do we get vitamin A from?

A

dairy and fruit/veggies

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2
Q

what must be deprived before you have issues with low vit A

A

liver storage

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3
Q

vit A deficiency leads to what four main issues

A

loss of appetite, slowed growth, dried membranes and infections
rough scaly skin

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4
Q

what is the usual cause of vit A deficiency?

A

fat malabsorption

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5
Q

what happens if you have too much vit a

A

bone/muscle pain and orange skin

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6
Q

where do we get vit D? 2 locations

A

fortified food

sterol reactions with light

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7
Q

severe vit D deficiency can lead to what disorder?

A

rickets

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8
Q

how does Vit D cause issues with bones?

A

calcium absorption is messed up with low Vit D

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9
Q

what is the Vit D toxicity?

A

hypercalcemia and calcification of soft tissues

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10
Q

what is the role of vitamin E?

A

antioxidant and immune fxn

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11
Q

where do we get Vit E?

A

veggie oil, nuts, leafy greens PLANTS

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12
Q

vit E deficiency causes what?

A

neuro issues especially with hands and feet

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13
Q

too much Vit E can lead to what two issues?

A

increased bleeding and impaired coagulation

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14
Q

where do we get Vit K?

A

dark leafy greens

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15
Q

what does Vit K help with?

A

blood coagulation and bone health

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16
Q

what are two issues with Vit K deficiency?

A

increased fracture risk and coagulation issues like increased bleeding

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17
Q

what is another name for vit B1?

A

thiamin

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18
Q

where do we get vit B1 or thiamin?

A

breads and grains

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19
Q

what is thiamin or vit B1 used for?

A

coenzyme for metab of carbs

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20
Q

name the two CNS disorders associated with thiamin or B1 deficiency

who are these common for?

A

beriberi
wernicke korsakoff

common for alcoholics

21
Q

what is another name for vit B2?

A

riboflavin

22
Q

where do we get riboflavin or B2?

A

dairy

23
Q

what is deficiency issue with riboflavin or b2?

A

mouth sores

24
Q

what is another name for B3?

A

niacin

25
Q

where do we get niacin or B3?

A

meat fish and poultry

26
Q

what is niacin or B3 used for

A

coenzyme for reduction oxidation reactions in metabolism of energy

27
Q

what is the disorder associated with niacin or B3 deficiency?

A

pellagra

28
Q

what are the four symptoms of pellagra? all start with D

A

diarrhea
dermatitis
dementia
death

29
Q

what is another name for B5?

A

pantothenic acid

30
Q

what do we use B5 or pantothenic acid for?

A

coenzyme
cholesterol synthesis
energy metabolism

31
Q

where do we get B5 or pantothenic acid from?

A

any food pretty much

32
Q

where do we get B6 from?

A

steak and beans

33
Q

where do we get folic acid from?

A

yeast spinach asparagus

34
Q

where do we get B12 from?

A

meat fish poultry

35
Q

what are B12 and folic acid both needed for?

A

RBC growth

36
Q

what is B6 needed for?

A

RBC metabolism

37
Q

what type of metabolism is b12 needed for?

A

lipid

38
Q

how does B6 deficiency present? 3 things

A

glossitis dermatitis and convulsions

39
Q

what do B12 and folate deficiency cause?

A

megaloblastic anemia

40
Q

which of B12 or folate leads to nerve degeneration?

A

B12 does

41
Q

where do we get Vit C? what is its main function?

``

A

citrus fruits…main fxn is antioxidant and synthesis of collagen

42
Q

what is the disease that is associated with vit C deficiency?

A

Scurvy

43
Q

what are the signs of scurvy?

A

bruising gums
dental issues
dry hair/skin
anemia

44
Q

how do you get Vit C deficiency?

A

inadequate intake or smoking

45
Q

what is iodine used for?

A

thyroid hormone

46
Q

if you dont have iodine what do you get?

A

hypothyroidism and goiters

47
Q

where do we get Zinc?

A

meat and seafood

48
Q

what is zinc used as?

A

cofactor for enzymes

49
Q

zinc deficiency can lead to what three issues?

A

growth retardation
impaired immune function
mental lethargy

GI Week 2 (12 decks)

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