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0 Biochem and Genetics > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

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1
Q

Rickets

A

Vitamin D deficiency in children

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2
Q

INH causes this vitamin deficiency

A

B6 thus Niacin B3 as well

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3
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff

A

Vit B1 defic

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4
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

B12 deficiency

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5
Q

Hemolytic anemia
Ataxia (due to spinoceregbellar degeneration)
Peripheral Neuropathy –> proximal muscle weakness

A

Vit E deficiency

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6
Q

Dermatitis
Enteritis
Alopecia
Adrenal Insufficiency

A

Vit B5 deficiency

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7
Q

Required cofactor carboxylation rxns

A

Biotin

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8
Q

osteomalacia

A

Vit D deficiency in adults

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9
Q

Essential in normal differentiation of epithelial cells into specialized tissue (mucus-secreting cells)

A

Vit A

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10
Q

Function: required for hydroxylation of prolyl and lysyl residues

A

Vit C

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11
Q

Dry beriberi vs Wet beriberi

A

Thiamine B1 deficiency

Vitamin B1 is used in several ATP generating reactions as a cofactor. Deficiency leads to ATP depletion –> affects highly aerobic tissues –> HEART and NERVES.

DRY = NERVES - polyneuritis, symmetric muscle wasting
Wet = HEART - high-output cardiac failure
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12
Q 
Required Synthesis of:
cystathionine
heme
histamine
neurotransmitters
A

B6

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13
Q

Pernicious anemia diagnosis

A

suspected in B12 deficiency

anti-intrinsic factor antibodies diagnostic

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14
Q

Function: increase calcium and phosphate absorption in intestines

A

Vit D

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15
Q

Potentially teratogenic vitamin

A

Vit A

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16
Q

Hartnup disease causes this vitamin deficiency

A

Niacin (B3)

Intestinal transport defect –>
decr. tryptophan intake –>
tryptophan not converted to niacin

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17
Q

Treatment for measles

A

Vit A

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18
Q

Thiamine is a cofactor for these enzymes

A

pyruvate DH
a-kg DH
transketolase
branched-chain ketoacid DH

ATP = A-kg DH, Transketolse, Pyruvate DH

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19
Q

Vitamin deficiency causing glossitis

A

Vit B3 Niacin

Folate (B9)

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20
Q

Excessive raw egg whites causes this deficiency

A

Biotin B7

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21
Q

Induce PTH-dependent reabsorption of calcium in distal tubules

A

Vit D

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22
Q

Storage form of Vit D

A

25-OH D3

23
Q

Essential for CoA and fatty acid synthase

A

B5

24
Q

Treatment for AML subtype 3

A

Vit A

25
Q

Purely breastfed babies require this oral supplement

A

Vit D

26
Q

Can enhance anticoagulant effects of warfarin

A

Vit E

27
Q

Required for conversion of dopamine to NE

A

Vit C

28
Q

Cheilosis, Corneal vascularization

A

Vit B2 def

29
Q

increased RBC transketolase activity following administration of vitamin is diagnostic

A

thiamine B1

30
Q

Topical agent derived from Vit A for treatment of acne

A

tretinoin

31
Q

Oral agent derived from Vit A for treatment of acne

A

isotretinoin

32
Q

Vit K-dependent coagulation factors

A

C, S
10, 2, 7, 9

diSCo 1o972

33
Q

Vitamin anti-oxidants

A

Vit E

Vit C

34
Q

Facial flushing

A

Niacin (B3) excess

35
Q

alpha-tocapherol

A

Vit E

36
Q

Deficiency: xerophthalmia

A

Vit A

37
Q

Excess can cause calcium oxalate neophrolithiasis

A

Vit C

38
Q

Corneal ulcerations may be seen in this deficiency

A

Vit A

39
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff from this deficiency

A

Thiamine B1

seen in malnutrition and alcoholism

40
Q

Differentiate Folate vs B12 deficiency lab results

A

Increased homocysteine in BOTH
Normal MMA in FOLATE def
Increased MMA in B12

B12 is a required cofactor in an additional reaction (leads to TCA)

41
Q

Differentiate Folate vs B12 clinical presentation

A

B12 has neurological symptoms

MMA increased and succinyl-CoA underproduced –>
inhibited TCA –>
inhibited myelin synthesis

42
Q

Nyctalopia

A

Vit A deficiency

43
Q

Vit K a cofactor for what process

A

gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residues

44
Q

Sideroblastic anemia

A

B6 deficiency

required in heme synthesis

45
Q

Beriberi

A

Thiamine B1

46
Q

FAD and FMN

A

B2

47
Q

Excess: pseudotumor cerebri

A

Vit A (increased ICP)

48
Q

Neurologic symptoms without megaloblastic anemia

A

Vit E

49
Q

Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis

A

Pellagra

50
Q

Xerosis cutis

A

Vit A defic

51
Q

Facilitates Fe absorption by reducing to Fe2+

A

Vit C

52
Q

Required for visual pigments

A

Vit A

53
Q

Deficiency damages medial thalamus and mamillary bodies

A

Thiamine B1

0 Biochem and Genetics (19 decks)

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