Glycolysis

Question 1

ATP yielded in glycolysis per glucose molecule (Malate-aspartate shuttle)

Answer 1

32

Question 2

ATP yielded in glycolysis per glucose molecule (G3P shuttle)

Answer 2

30

Question 3

Generally which cells use Malate-aspartate shuttle

Answer 3

Heart
Liver
Kidney

Question 4

Generally which cells use G3P shuttle

Answer 4

Brain

other Muscle cells

Question 5

Basal glucose uptake by which receptors

Answer 5

GLUT-1

GLUT-3

Question 6

GLUT-1

Answer 6

RBC, endothelium of BBB

Question 7

GLUT-2

Answer 7

Hepatocytes, pancreatic beta cells

Question 8

GLUT-3

Answer 8

neurons

Question 9

GLUT-4

Answer 9

skeletal muscle
adipose tissue

4 limbs have muscle and fat

Question 10

GLUT-5

Answer 10

fructose transporter
GIT (jejunum)
sperm

Question 11

Glucokinase found where

Answer 11

liver

pancreatic beta cells

Question 12

Enzyme kinetics of glucokinase:

Answer 12

high Km –> requires high substrate concentration to reach higher velocity
high Vmax –> high velocity

Question 13

Enzyme kinetics of hexokinase:

Answer 13

low Km, high affinity for glucose –> reacts with glucose easily, works at low glucose levels

Question 14

RLE of glycolysis

Answer 14

PFK-1

Question 15

Inhibits PFK-1

Answer 15

high ATP

citrate

Question 16

Induces PFK-1

Answer 16

high AMP

F2,6BP

Question 17

Net ATP of glycolysis

Answer 17

+2

Question 18

ATP required for glycolysis

Answer 18

2

yields 2 ATP per half of glucose molecule or 4 ATP for net of +2

Question 19

Stimulates pyruvate kinase

Answer 19

low Fructose-1,6BP

Question 20

Inhibits pyruvate kinase

Answer 20

high ATP

alanine

Question 21

Most common glycolytic enzyme deficiency

Answer 21

pyruvate kinase deficiency

Question 22

Muscle biopsy of patient:
elevated glycogen levels
elevated F6P
decreased pyruvate

Answer 22

Deficiency of PFK-1

glucose not broken down but stored as glycogen
F6P not converted to F1,6BP –> high F6P
no downstream pyruvate

Question 23

Glycolysis regulation: enzyme stimulated by fasting

Enzyme stimulated by fed state

Answer 23

(fasting) Glucagon stimulates Fructose bisphosphatase-2

(fed) Insulin stimulates Phosphofructokinase-2

Question 24

Protein kinase A phosphorylates which enzyme in glycolysis regulation?

Answer 24

FBP-2/PFK-2 complex