HMP

Question 1

Oxygen free radicals (reactive oxygen species) are produced using what enzyme

Answer 1

NADPH oxidase

Question 2

Enzyme that catalyzes H2O2 formation from ROS?

Answer 2

superoxide dismutase

Question 3

Deficiency of NADPH oxidase results in what disease

Answer 3

chronic granulomatous disease

Question 4

Vitamin required in nonoxidative/reversible HMP shunt

Answer 4

B1

Question 5

Products of oxidative reaction?

Answer 5

CO2
(2) NADPH
Ribulose-5-P

Question 6

Enzyme in nonoxidative reaction?

Answer 6

phosphopentose isomerase

transketolases

Question 7

Heinz bodies seen in what disease

Answer 7

G6PD deficiency

Question 8

Heinz bodies are formed by what

Answer 8

HEinz = denatured HEmoglobin

Question 9

Formation of bite cells:

Answer 9

splenic macrophages phagocytose Heinz bodies of RBCs, forming bite cells

Question 10

CGD patients are susceptible to infection by what?

Answer 10

catalase-positive organisms

In chronic granulomatous disease patients, hydrogen peroxide cannot be produced by macrophages (due to NADPH oxidase deficiency). H2O2 is taken from the enviroment. Catalase neutralizes H2O2 and converts it to water.

Question 11

Enzyme catalyzing this reaction H2O2 + GSH –> H2O + GSSG

Answer 11

hydrogen peroxide reacts with reduced glutathione to form water and glutathione disulfide.

catalyzed by GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE

Question 12

Deficiency in fructokinase:

Answer 12

essential fructosuria

Question 13

Deficiency in aldolase B:

Answer 13

fructose intolerance

decreased aldolase B
increased F-1-P
decreased available PO4
inhibited gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis

Question 14

Galactose enters glycolysis by:

Answer 14

UridylTransferase (G1P uridyltransferase)

GUT

Question 15

Fructose enters glycolysis by:

Answer 15

Aldolase B

FAB

Question 16

RLE of PPP/HMP

Answer 16

G6PD

Question 17

O2 converted to ROS by

Answer 17

NADPH oxidase

Question 18

ROS converted to H2O2 by

Answer 18

superoxide dismutase