Vitamins Flashcards
What is vitamin B1?
Thiamine
What are the common causes of thiamine deficiency?
Alcohol excess
Malnutrition
What are consequences of thiamine deficiency?
Wernicke’s
Korsakoff’s
Dry beriberi
Wet beriberi
What are the features of Wenicke’s?
Nystagmus
Opthalmoplegia
Ataxis
What are the features of Korsakoff’s?
Amnesia
Confabulation
What are the features of dry beriberi?
Peripheral neuropathy
What are the features of wet beriberi?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
What is thiamine essential for?
Catabolism of sugars and amino acids - so consequences normally seen in highly metabolically active tissues eg nervous system and heart
What is vitamin B2?
Riboflavin
What are the consequences of riboflavin deficiency?
Angular chelitis
What is vitamin B3?
Niacin
What are the consequences of niacin deficiency?
Pellagra - dermatitis, diarrhoea, depression/dementia
What causes vitamin B6 deficiency?
Isoniazid therapy
What are the consequences of vitamin B6 deficiency?
Peripheral neuropathy
Sideroblastic anaemia
What are the functions of vitamin C?
Antioxidant
Collagen synthesis
Iron absorption
What are the features of vitamin C deficiency?
Gingivitis, loose teeth, bleeding gums
Poor wound healing
HAematuria, epistaxis
Malaise
What are the functions of vitamin D?
Increase plasma calcium and phosphate
Increase renal and gut absorption of calcium
Increase osteoclast activity
Increase renal phosphate absorption
What are the consequences of vitamin D Deficiency?
Rickets - children
Osteomalacia - adults
What is vitamin K essential for?
Carboxylation of clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10 (1972)
