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Physiology MRCP > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What is vitamin B1?

A

Thiamine

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2
Q

What are the common causes of thiamine deficiency?

A

Alcohol excess
Malnutrition

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3
Q

What are consequences of thiamine deficiency?

A

Wernicke’s
Korsakoff’s
Dry beriberi
Wet beriberi

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4
Q

What are the features of Wenicke’s?

A

Nystagmus
Opthalmoplegia
Ataxis

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5
Q

What are the features of Korsakoff’s?

A

Amnesia
Confabulation

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6
Q

What are the features of dry beriberi?

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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7
Q

What are the features of wet beriberi?

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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8
Q

What is thiamine essential for?

A

Catabolism of sugars and amino acids - so consequences normally seen in highly metabolically active tissues eg nervous system and heart

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9
Q

What is vitamin B2?

A

Riboflavin

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10
Q

What are the consequences of riboflavin deficiency?

A

Angular chelitis

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11
Q

What is vitamin B3?

A

Niacin

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12
Q

What are the consequences of niacin deficiency?

A

Pellagra - dermatitis, diarrhoea, depression/dementia

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13
Q

What causes vitamin B6 deficiency?

A

Isoniazid therapy

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14
Q

What are the consequences of vitamin B6 deficiency?

A

Peripheral neuropathy
Sideroblastic anaemia

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15
Q

What are the functions of vitamin C?

A

Antioxidant
Collagen synthesis
Iron absorption

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16
Q

What are the features of vitamin C deficiency?

A

Gingivitis, loose teeth, bleeding gums
Poor wound healing
HAematuria, epistaxis
Malaise

17
Q

What are the functions of vitamin D?

A

Increase plasma calcium and phosphate
Increase renal and gut absorption of calcium
Increase osteoclast activity
Increase renal phosphate absorption

18
Q

What are the consequences of vitamin D Deficiency?

A

Rickets - children
Osteomalacia - adults

19
Q

What is vitamin K essential for?

A

Carboxylation of clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10 (1972)

Physiology MRCP (19 decks)

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