Vital Signs

Question 1

Normal Pulse

Answer 1

newborns 70-170 bpm avg 120
adults 60-100 bpm avg 80

Question 2

Normal Respiration

Answer 2

adults 12-20
newborns 30-50

increases in elderly

Question 3

Normal Blood Pressure

Answer 3

120/80
Systolic(pressure during contraction) over Diastolic (during relaxation)

Question 4

PreHypertension blood pressure

Answer 4

120-139/80-89

Question 5

Stage 1 Hypertension

Answer 5

140-159/90-99

Question 6

Stage 2 Hypertension

Answer 6

160+/100+

Question 7

Normal Temp

Answer 7

98.6

Question 8

What temp is a fever?

Answer 8

greater than 100

Question 9

Hypothermia

Answer 9

less than 94 deg

Question 10

Hyperthermia

Answer 10

more than 106 deg

Question 11

What are the values of reflexes?

Answer 11

0=no response
1+=diminished
2+=avg
3+=brisker than avg
4+=very brisk

Question 12

What is babinski reflex?

Answer 12

plantar surface is stroked

a positive test is extension of great toe

Question 13

What is Hoffmans Reflex?

Answer 13

while holding patients hand flick middle finger

Question 14

What are primary vital signs?

Answer 14

pulse, temp, blood pressure, respiration

Question 15

What are secondary vital signs ?

Answer 15

pain, pulse oxiometry, (gait speed, continence, grip strength

Question 16

What information is gathered from taking vital signs ?

Answer 16

cardiovascular status
presence of disease
patients ability to resond to physical stress
patients emotional state
patients aerobic capacity and endurance

Question 16

Signs we should take vital signs ?

Answer 16

dyspnea (difficulty breathing )
fatigue
chest pain
irregular heartbbeat
cyanosis ( are they blue )
calf pain
pedel edema

or

elderly patients
prolonged bed rest
cardiac history
stroke or spinal cord injury
any blood vessel diseases
possible infection
overall malaise

Question 17

What is pulse?

Answer 17

defined as wave of blood in the artery created by contraction of the left ventricle

strength of pulse represents the amount of blood that is ejected with each heart contraction

Question 17

What are the parameters for assessing pulse ?

Answer 17

rate, rhythm, quality (volume)

Question 18

What is arrythmia/ dysthymia?

Answer 18

irregular rhythm of pulse where they are not evenly spread out

Question 19

Pulse Grading

Answer 19

0-absent
1+-thready
2+-weak
3+-normal
4+-bounding

Question 20

What can affect pulse ?

Answer 20

age, infection, excercise, emotional state, , medications, cardiopulmondary disease, systemic or local heat, gender, caffeine / aclohol

Question 21

Phase 1 of korotkoffs sounds

Answer 21

first clear, faint sound=systolic pressure

Question 22

Phase 2 of korotkoffs sounds

Answer 22

murmur or swishing sound

Question 23

Phase 4 of korotkoffs sounds

Answer 23

sound is a distinct , abrupt muffling (first diastolic)

Question 23

Phase 3 of korotkoffs sounds

Answer 23

sound is crisp and louder

Question 24

Phase 5 of korotkoffs sounds

Answer 24

sound dissapears (second diastolic)

Question 25

Segmental levels

Answer 25

achilles - s1
patellar tendon- L2,3,4
brachioradialis c5,6
biceps C5,C6
triceps C6,7

Question 26

What is hypo tension?

Answer 26

90/60 or lower