Vital Signs Flashcards
Normal Pulse
newborns 70-170 bpm avg 120
adults 60-100 bpm avg 80
Normal Respiration
adults 12-20
newborns 30-50
increases in elderly
Normal Blood Pressure
120/80
Systolic(pressure during contraction) over Diastolic (during relaxation)
PreHypertension blood pressure
120-139/80-89
Stage 1 Hypertension
140-159/90-99
Stage 2 Hypertension
160+/100+
Normal Temp
98.6
What temp is a fever?
greater than 100
Hypothermia
less than 94 deg
Hyperthermia
more than 106 deg
What are the values of reflexes?
0=no response
1+=diminished
2+=avg
3+=brisker than avg
4+=very brisk
What is babinski reflex?
plantar surface is stroked
a positive test is extension of great toe
What is Hoffmans Reflex?
while holding patients hand flick middle finger
What are primary vital signs?
pulse, temp, blood pressure, respiration
What are secondary vital signs ?
pain, pulse oxiometry, (gait speed, continence, grip strength
What information is gathered from taking vital signs ?
cardiovascular status
presence of disease
patients ability to resond to physical stress
patients emotional state
patients aerobic capacity and endurance
Signs we should take vital signs ?
dyspnea (difficulty breathing )
fatigue
chest pain
irregular heartbbeat
cyanosis ( are they blue )
calf pain
pedel edema
or
elderly patients
prolonged bed rest
cardiac history
stroke or spinal cord injury
any blood vessel diseases
possible infection
overall malaise
What is pulse?
defined as wave of blood in the artery created by contraction of the left ventricle
strength of pulse represents the amount of blood that is ejected with each heart contraction
What are the parameters for assessing pulse ?
rate, rhythm, quality (volume)
What is arrythmia/ dysthymia?
irregular rhythm of pulse where they are not evenly spread out
Pulse Grading
0-absent
1+-thready
2+-weak
3+-normal
4+-bounding
What can affect pulse ?
age, infection, excercise, emotional state, , medications, cardiopulmondary disease, systemic or local heat, gender, caffeine / aclohol
Phase 1 of korotkoffs sounds
first clear, faint sound=systolic pressure
Phase 2 of korotkoffs sounds
murmur or swishing sound
Phase 4 of korotkoffs sounds
sound is a distinct , abrupt muffling (first diastolic)
Phase 3 of korotkoffs sounds
sound is crisp and louder
Phase 5 of korotkoffs sounds
sound dissapears (second diastolic)
Segmental levels
achilles - s1
patellar tendon- L2,3,4
brachioradialis c5,6
biceps C5,C6
triceps C6,7
What is hypo tension?
90/60 or lower