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Fundamentals (FPM 1) > Vital Signs > Flashcards

Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Normal Pulse

A

newborns 70-170 bpm avg 120
adults 60-100 bpm avg 80

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2
Q

Normal Respiration

A

adults 12-20
newborns 30-50

increases in elderly

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3
Q

Normal Blood Pressure

A

120/80
Systolic(pressure during contraction) over Diastolic (during relaxation)

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4
Q

PreHypertension blood pressure

A

120-139/80-89

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5
Q

Stage 1 Hypertension

A

140-159/90-99

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6
Q

Stage 2 Hypertension

A

160+/100+

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7
Q

Normal Temp

A

98.6

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8
Q

What temp is a fever?

A

greater than 100

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9
Q

Hypothermia

A

less than 94 deg

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10
Q

Hyperthermia

A

more than 106 deg

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11
Q

What are the values of reflexes?

A

0=no response
1+=diminished
2+=avg
3+=brisker than avg
4+=very brisk

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12
Q

What is babinski reflex?

A

plantar surface is stroked

a positive test is extension of great toe

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13
Q

What is Hoffmans Reflex?

A

while holding patients hand flick middle finger

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14
Q

What are primary vital signs?

A

pulse, temp, blood pressure, respiration

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15
Q

What are secondary vital signs ?

A

pain, pulse oxiometry, (gait speed, continence, grip strength

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16
Q

What information is gathered from taking vital signs ?

A

cardiovascular status
presence of disease
patients ability to resond to physical stress
patients emotional state
patients aerobic capacity and endurance

16
Q

Signs we should take vital signs ?

A

dyspnea (difficulty breathing )
fatigue
chest pain
irregular heartbbeat
cyanosis ( are they blue )
calf pain
pedel edema

or

elderly patients
prolonged bed rest
cardiac history
stroke or spinal cord injury
any blood vessel diseases
possible infection
overall malaise

17
Q

What is pulse?

A

defined as wave of blood in the artery created by contraction of the left ventricle

strength of pulse represents the amount of blood that is ejected with each heart contraction

17
Q

What are the parameters for assessing pulse ?

A

rate, rhythm, quality (volume)

18
Q

What is arrythmia/ dysthymia?

A

irregular rhythm of pulse where they are not evenly spread out

19
Q

Pulse Grading

A

0-absent
1+-thready
2+-weak
3+-normal
4+-bounding

20
Q

What can affect pulse ?

A

age, infection, excercise, emotional state, , medications, cardiopulmondary disease, systemic or local heat, gender, caffeine / aclohol

21
Q

Abnormal Responses to excericse?

A

slow increase in pulse rate during excercise
rate does not increase
rate increases as intensity decreases
rate does not decline as intensity declines

22
Q

What are the parameters of respiration?

A

rate, rhythm, depth, character (effort and sound)

23
Q

What factors affect respiration?

A

age, body size and stature, excercise, medications, emotional state, enviorment , body position

24
Q

what is pulse ?

A

the cardiovascular systems ability to pump blood and overcome vascular resistance

25
Q

what factors predispose you to high blood pressure ?

A

obesity
smoking
diet
kidney disease,
oral contraceptives
race

26
Q

What factors affect blood pressure?

A

physical activity, age, blood volume, size and condition of the arteries, arm positon, meds

27
Q

What is whitecoat hypertension?

A

a syndrome where a patients anxiety in a medical enviorment results in high blood pressure

28
Q

Phase 1 of korotkoffs sounds

A

first clear, faint sound=systolic pressure

29
Q

Phase 2 of korotkoffs sounds

A

murmur or swishing sound

30
Q

Phase 4 of korotkoffs sounds

A

sound is a distinct , abrupt muffling (first diastolic)

30
Q

Phase 3 of korotkoffs sounds

A

sound is crisp and louder

31
Q

Phase 5 of korotkoffs sounds

A

sound dissapears (second diastolic)

32
Q

What methods can you take temp with ?

A

orally
ear
axillary
rectal
forehead

33
Q

What factors affect temp?

A

time of day
age
enviormental
infection
physical activity
emotional stress
site of measurement
menstrual cylce

34
Q

Segmental levels

A

achilles - s1
patellar tendon- L2,3,4
brachioradialis c5,6
biceps C5,C6
triceps C6,7

Fundamentals (FPM 1) (12 decks)

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