MMT

Question 1

What is strength?

Answer 1

the ability to exert force/ the max force a muscle can output inn a contraction

Question 2

Why do we measure strength?

Answer 2

yields quantifable measures of force production

idicates a diagnosis and prognosis

Question 3

what factors affect strength?

Answer 3

muscle cross sectional area
neural factors
motivation/fear/pain

Question 4

what is tredelenburg gait?

Answer 4

weak gluteus medius

pelvis drops on affected side

Question 5

how is strength measured?

Answer 5

1 or 10 rep max
functional testing
MMT
isokinetic muscle testing
hand held dynamometry

Question 6

What are the advantages of isokinetic testing?

Answer 6

test different velocities
provides quantifable measures of force
provides graphic display
test power and endurance
measure all 3 types of contractions

Question 7

Norms established for comparison

Answer 7

quad to hami ratio 3:2
shoulder internal to external 3:2
males force of quad at 60 deg/sec should match 100 percent of body weight

this is now the established return to play for sports

Question 8

what are the disadvantages of isokinetic testing?

Answer 8

expense
time consuming
not all joints can be tested
testers need to be trained
does not relate to function

Question 9

grade 5 MMT

Answer 9

normal- holds against strong pressure

Question 10

grade 4+

Answer 10

good plus holds against moderate pressure

Question 11

grade 4

Answer 11

good- holds against moderate pressure

Question 12

grade 4-

Answer 12

good minus- holds position against slight pressure

Question 13

grade 3+

Answer 13

fair plus holds test position against slight pressure

Question 14

grade 3

Answer 14

fair holds against gracity

Question 15

grade 3-

Answer 15

fair minus gradual release from position against gravity

Question 16

grade 2+

Answer 16

poor plus- moves partial ROM against gravity

Question 17

grade 2

Answer 17

poor- moves through full ROM in gravity min position

Question 18

grade 2-

Answer 18

poor minus- moves through partial ROM in gravity min position

Question 19

grade 1

Answer 19

trace- no movement is observed but a contraction is palpated

Question 20

grade 0

Answer 20

no movement or contraction felt

Question 21

application of resistance

Answer 21

direction of pressure is placed opposite to line of pull of muscle

Question 22

sequence of MMT

Answer 22

test one side
determine if contraction is present
perform against gravity
give grade

Question 23

sagittal plane movement gravity elim

Answer 23

side lying

Question 24

frontal plane movement gravity elim

Answer 24

supine

Question 25

hip rrotation gravity elim

Answer 25

supine

Question 26

shoulder rotation gravity elim

Answer 26

prone or sitting

Question 27

what are the limits to MMT

Answer 27

-static test of dynamic system
-not useful with CNS disorders
-detects gross differenes in strength not sensitive
-does not necassarily relate to function

Question 28

precautions of MMT

Answer 28

hypertension
decreased sensation
osteoporosis
open wounds
skin disease
upper motor neuron lesions (CNS disorders)

Question 29

contraindications for MMT

Answer 29

fracture
pain or unknown etiology
thrombophletbitis
swelling