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Fundamentals > Vital Signs > Flashcards

Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

What does blood viscosity mean?

A

thickness of blood

increase in blood viscosity increase in blood pressure

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2
Q

Preload

A

amount of blood inside ventricles before they contract

decrease in preload (blood loss or shock), both the stroke volume and blood pressure increase

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3
Q

What are the stages of hypertension

A

Elevated: 120-129/less than 80
stage 1: 130-139/80-89
stage 2: 140-149/higher than 90
hypertensive crisis: higher than 180/higher than 120

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4
Q

What is newborn blood pressure? (full term newborn)

A

64/41

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5
Q

What is the average blood pressure in toddler males? and what is considered hypertensive in toddler males?

A

85-91/37-46 for males avg

greater than 103-109/56-65

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6
Q

What is normal BP for toddler females? and what is hypertensive for them?

A

86-89/40-49 avg

greater than 104-107/58-67

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7
Q

What is normal BP for preschooler males? hypertensive?

A

91-98/46-53 avg

greater than 109-112/65-72

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8
Q

What is normal BP for preschooler females? hypertensive?

A

89-93/49-54 avg

greater than 107-110/67-72

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9
Q

What is normal BP for school-age males? hypertensive?

A

96-106/55-62 avg

greater than 109-112/65-72

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10
Q

what is normal BP for school-age females? hypertensive?

A

94-105/56-62 avg

greater than 111-113/74-80

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11
Q

What is normal BP for all adolescents?

A

less than 120/80

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12
Q

what are some lifestyle interventions for hypertension?

A

exercise
stress reduction techniques
low-sodium diet
weight loss if needed

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13
Q

what are some causes of hypotension in adults?

A

dehydration, blood loss, shock, significant illness (sepsis)

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14
Q

what are some manifestions of hypotenion

A

dizziness
nausea
blurred vision
increased pulse
fatigue

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15
Q

A nurse is discussing factors affecting blood pressure with an assistive personnel. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as potential causes for an increase in a client’s blood pressure? (Select all that apply.)

A

anxiety, fear, obesity, use of nicotine

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16
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

A drop in systolic pressure of at least 20 mm Hg, or a drop in diastolic pressure of at least 10 mm Hg, after moving to a sitting or standing position is indicative of orthostatic hypotension and should be reported to the provider.

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17
Q

what is expected pulse range of newborn (full term; birth to 28 days)

A

110-160/min

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18
Q

what is expected pulse range of infant (1 month to 1 year)

A

90-160/min

19
Q

what is expected pulse range of toddler (1 to 3 years)

A

80-140/min

20
Q

what is expected pulse range of preschooler (3 to 6 years)

A

70-120/min

21
Q

what is expected pulse range of school age (6 to 12 years)

A

60-110/min

22
Q

what is expected pulse range of adolescent (12 to 20 years)

A

50-100/min

23
Q

what is expected pulse range of adult (20 years and older)

A

60 to 100/min

24
Q

manifestations of bradycardia

A

dizziness, syncope, chest pain, shortness of air, fatigue, and confusion.

25
Q

what is an oral site you never use on newborns, infants, and young children?

A

oral

safety concerns

26
Q

what temp is hard to read on a client less than 3 years old?

A

tympanic because of the angle of tube

27
Q

what temp indicates fever?

A

100.4 or above

28
Q

manifestions of a fever

A

infection being the most common cause. Clients who have a fever may have a flushed face, be diaphoretic, have skin that feels hot on palpation, and exhibit tachycardia and increased respiratory rate

29
Q

normal temp in human body

A

37 celcius and 98.6 farenheit

30
Q

expected range of O2 sat in human body

A

95-100

31
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a newborn(full term; birth to 28 days?)

A

30 to 60/min

32
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a infant (1 month to 1 year)

A

25-60/min

33
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a toddler (1 to 3 years)

A

25-30/min

34
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a preschooler(3 to 6 years)

A

20-25/min

35
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a school-age(6 to 12 years)

A

20-25/min

36
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a adolescent(12 to 20 years)

A

16-20/min

37
Q

what is the expected respiratory range of a adult (20 years and up)

A

12-20/min

38
Q

adult bp range expected

A

90-119/60-79

39
Q

adult temp range expected

A

36-38 C to 96.8-100.4 F

40
Q

manifestations of bradypnea

A

dizziness
fatigue
confusion
impaired coordination

41
Q

what is percentage of clients arm the BP cuff should encircle

A

0.8

42
Q

length of time to avoid taking an oral temp after a client has a warm drink

A

10 to 30 mins

43
Q

expected capillary refill time

A

less than 2 seconds

Fundamentals (20 decks)

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