Vital Signs Flashcards by Ava Newkirk

What does blood viscosity mean?

thickness of blood

increase in blood viscosity increase in blood pressure

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Preload

amount of blood inside ventricles before they contract

decrease in preload (blood loss or shock), both the stroke volume and blood pressure increase

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What are the stages of hypertension

Elevated: 120-129/less than 80
stage 1: 130-139/80-89
stage 2: 140-149/higher than 90
hypertensive crisis: higher than 180/higher than 120

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What is newborn blood pressure? (full term newborn)

64/41

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What is the average blood pressure in toddler males? and what is considered hypertensive in toddler males?

85-91/37-46 for males avg

greater than 103-109/56-65

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What is normal BP for toddler females? and what is hypertensive for them?

86-89/40-49 avg

greater than 104-107/58-67

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What is normal BP for preschooler males? hypertensive?

91-98/46-53 avg

greater than 109-112/65-72

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What is normal BP for preschooler females? hypertensive?

89-93/49-54 avg

greater than 107-110/67-72

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What is normal BP for school-age males? hypertensive?

96-106/55-62 avg

greater than 109-112/65-72

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what is normal BP for school-age females? hypertensive?

94-105/56-62 avg

greater than 111-113/74-80

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What is normal BP for all adolescents?

less than 120/80

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what are some lifestyle interventions for hypertension?

exercise
stress reduction techniques
low-sodium diet
weight loss if needed

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what are some causes of hypotension in adults?

dehydration, blood loss, shock, significant illness (sepsis)

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what are some manifestions of hypotenion

dizziness
nausea
blurred vision
increased pulse
fatigue

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A nurse is discussing factors affecting blood pressure with an assistive personnel. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as potential causes for an increase in a client’s blood pressure? (Select all that apply.)

anxiety, fear, obesity, use of nicotine

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orthostatic hypotension

A drop in systolic pressure of at least 20 mm Hg, or a drop in diastolic pressure of at least 10 mm Hg, after moving to a sitting or standing position is indicative of orthostatic hypotension and should be reported to the provider.

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what is expected pulse range of newborn (full term; birth to 28 days)

110-160/min

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what is expected pulse range of infant (1 month to 1 year)

90-160/min

what is expected pulse range of toddler (1 to 3 years)

80-140/min

what is expected pulse range of preschooler (3 to 6 years)

70-120/min

what is expected pulse range of school age (6 to 12 years)

60-110/min

what is expected pulse range of adolescent (12 to 20 years)

50-100/min

what is expected pulse range of adult (20 years and older)

60 to 100/min

manifestations of bradycardia

dizziness, syncope, chest pain, shortness of air, fatigue, and confusion.

what is an oral site you never use on newborns, infants, and young children?

oral safety concerns

what temp is hard to read on a client less than 3 years old?

tympanic because of the angle of tube

what temp indicates fever?

100.4 or above

manifestions of a fever

infection being the most common cause. Clients who have a fever may have a flushed face, be diaphoretic, have skin that feels hot on palpation, and exhibit tachycardia and increased respiratory rate

normal temp in human body

37 celcius and 98.6 farenheit

expected range of O2 sat in human body

95-100

what is the expected respiratory range of a newborn(full term; birth to 28 days?)

30 to 60/min

what is the expected respiratory range of a infant (1 month to 1 year)

25-60/min

what is the expected respiratory range of a toddler (1 to 3 years)

25-30/min

what is the expected respiratory range of a preschooler(3 to 6 years)

20-25/min

what is the expected respiratory range of a school-age(6 to 12 years)

20-25/min

what is the expected respiratory range of a adolescent(12 to 20 years)

16-20/min

what is the expected respiratory range of a adult (20 years and up)

12-20/min

adult bp range expected

90-119/60-79

adult temp range expected

36-38 C to 96.8-100.4 F

manifestations of bradypnea

dizziness fatigue confusion impaired coordination

what is percentage of clients arm the BP cuff should encircle

0.8

length of time to avoid taking an oral temp after a client has a warm drink

10 to 30 mins

expected capillary refill time

less than 2 seconds