Med Cards for Exam 3 Flashcards
acetaminophen: complications
Liver damage (overdose)
* Hypertension (with daily use, particularly women)
acetaminophen: therapeutic use
Analgesia for mild to moderate pain
* Fever reduction
acetaminophen: interventions
Monitor for early symptoms of overdose/poisoning (abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, sweating, diarrhea); liver damage results in 48 to 72 hr following
overdose.
Prepare to administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote) orally or IV to counteract overdose and reduce liver injury.
Monitor blood pressure
acetaminophen: admin
Administer orally or rectally.
Caution clients that the drug is available in many combination products as well as
many formulations; clients must read labels carefully to avoid overdose.
Do not administer more than 4 g/day (adults).
Infants and children should be given the manufacturer’s recommended dose
based on their age.
acetaminophen: client instructions
Do not exceed 4 g/day (adults).
Report any abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, sweating, or diarrhea immediately.
Have blood pressure checked regularly.
acetaminophen: contraindictions
Alcohol use disorder
acetaminophen: precautions
Anemia
Immunosuppression
Hepatic or kidney disease
acetaminophen: interactions
Alcohol increases the risk of liver injury (with high doses of acetaminophen).
Warfarin (Coumadin) increases the risk of bleeding.
Cholestyramine (Questran) reduces absorption.
ibuprofen: therapeutic use
Inflammation suppression
Analgesia for mild to moderate pain
Fever reduction
Dysmenorrhea
Inhibition of platelet aggregation (aspirin)
ibuprofen: complications
Gastric upset, heartburn, nausea, gastric ulceration
Bleeding (less with non-aspirin NSAIDs)
Kidney dysfunction
Salicylism (aspirin)
Reye’s syndrome (aspirin)
Thromboembolic events (non-aspirin NSAIDs)
ibuprofen: interventions
Monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (black or dark-colored stools, abdominal pain, nausea, hematemesis).
* Test for and treat Helicobacter pylori infection prior to long-term therapy.
* For clients at high risk for gastric bleeding, recommend a proton pump inhibitor.
* Monitor for signs of bleeding (easy bruising, petechiae, excessive bleeding from
minor injuries).
* Monitor intake and output; watch for low urine output and fluid retention.
* Monitor for rapid rises in BUN and creatinine.
* Monitor for tinnitus, diaphoresis, headache, dizziness, and respiratory alkalosis.
Stop aspirin therapy for clients reporting these symptoms.
* Recommend acetaminophen (Tylenol) and not aspirin or NSAIDs for children and
adolescents under age 18 who have viral infections, particularly chickenpox and
influenza.
* Recommend non-aspirin NSAIDs for short periods and in low doses only.
* Recommend low-dose aspirin to prevent these events if prescribed by provider.
* Monitor for signs of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident.
ibuprofen: admin
Make sure clients swallow enteric-coated or sustained-release forms whole and
do not crush or chew them.
* Discontinue 1 week before scheduled surgery.
* Monitor for initial and continued therapeutic effects.
omeprazole: therapeutic use
- Gastric and duodenal ulcers
- Prolonged dyspepsia
- Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD)
- Erosive esophagitis
- Hypersecretory disorders such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, systemic
mastocytosis
it is a PPI
omeprazole: complications
Bone loss (long-term use)
* Headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
* Hypomagnesemia
omeprazole: interventions
Limit drug therapy to the lowest dose and shortest duration possible.
* For longer-term therapy, monitor for bone loss via bone density
scanning at recommended intervals.
* Monitor for severe vomiting or diarrhea.
* Monitor magnesium levels
omeprazole: admin
Administer orally once daily before the first meal of the day.
* Make sure clients do not crush, chew, or break delayed-release
capsules of omeprazole.
omeprazole: client education
Perform weight-bearing exercise daily.
* Consume adequate calcium and vitamin D.
* Report vomiting or diarrhea.
* Drink plenty of clear fluids.
* Take magnesium supplements as needed.
omeprazole: contraindictions
Hypersensitivity to the drug
* Concurrent use of rilpirivine
omeprazole: precautions
Liver dysfunction
* Pregnancy and lactation
omeprazole: interactions
Absorption of atazanavir (Reyataz), ketoconazole (Nizoral), and
itraconazole decreases.
* Food can reduce absorption.
* Levels of warfarin (Coumadin), phenytoin (Dilantin), and diazepam
(Valium) increase.
* St. John’s wort decrease drug levels.
