Med Cards: WEEK 7 Flashcards by Ava Newkirk

Atorvastatin

lipid-lowering agents (statin)

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Atorvastatin: Expected pharmacological action

inhibits an enzyme which is responsible for catalyzing, an early stage in synthesis of cholesterol

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Atorvastatin: therapeutic use

lowering of total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Slightly increase the HDL cholesterol

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Atorvastatin: Complications

arrhythmias, hypoglycemia, hepatic failure, hepatitis, pancreatitis, rectal hemmorrhage, rhabdomyolysis, anaphylaxis, flu-like symptoms, rash, abdominal pain, constipation, gas, confusion, leg cramps

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Medication Administration: Atorvastatin

PO, can take with or without food

adults: 10-20 mg ONCE daily initially then increased according to lipid level. maintenance at 10-80 ONCE daily

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Atorvastatin: Contraindications

active hepatic disease, breastfeeding, hypersensitivity to atorvastatin or its components, pregnancy, unexplained persistent rise in serum transaminase level, alcoholism

not recommended to kids under the age of 8

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Atorvastatin: Interactions

grapefruit juice can cause adverse reactions.

oral contraceptives and digoxin

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Atorvastatin: evaluation of medication effectiveness

decrease in LDL and total cholesterol levels

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Atorvastatin: Nursing interventions

monitor liver functions prior as clinically indicated

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Atorvastatin: Client Education

advise client to not drink alcohol, have low cholesterol diet, get good exercise, and notify PCP of legs and ABD cramps

stop taking if pregnant

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Lisinopril

ACE Inhibitor

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Lisinopril: Expected pharmacological action

lower blood pressure by inhibiting conversion of angiotensin to angiotensin ll

basically, to treat hypertension

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Lisinopril: Medication administration

adult: 5 mg initially (if taking diuertic) and 10 mg (if not taking diuretic) ONCE daily

maintenance: 20-40 mg ONCE daily

max: 80 mg ONCE daily

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Lisinopril: Therapeutic Use

antihypertensive and heart failure

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Lisinopril: Interactions

NSAIDS: decrease antihypertensive medications
also, lithium, K+ salts, herbal and K+ supplements, pain and inflammation drugs, other antihypertensives, insulin

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Lisinopril: Complications

arrhythmias, hypotension, MI, acute renal failure, pulmonary embolism, HYPERKALEMIA, hyponatremia, cough, orthostatic hypotension, edema, rash, drowsiness, weakness

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Lisinopril: Contraindications

diabetes, history of angioedema, hypersensitivity to lisinopril, other ACE inhibitors, hypotension

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Lisinopril: Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness

Blood pressure will return to normal limits

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Lisinopril: Nursing interventions

monitor BP for 2 hrs after start of treatment

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Lisinopril: Client education

get up/change slowly
take as directed
avoid K+ diet

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Omeprazole

proton pump inhibitor (PPI), antiulcer agent

Omeprazole: Expected pharmacological action

binds to an enzyme on gastric pH, preventing hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen

Omeprazole: Therapeutic Use

decrease symptoms of GERD
healing of duodenal ulcers

Omeprazole: Complications

dizziness, fatigue, headache, chest pain, hypertension, peripheral edema, rash, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypoglycemia, c-diff associated diarrhea, anaphylaxis, hyperkalemia

Omeprazole: Medication Administration

PO adults: 20 mg ONCE daily

Omeprazole: Contraindications/Precautions

contraindicated for clients who are hypersensitivity to this medication and those who are taking rilpivirine caution: those with COPD, risk of pneumonia, liver dysfunction, pregnancy

Omeprazole: Interactions

Alcohol, ASA, NSAIDS, smoking, caffeine, and foods that cause gastric distress

Omeprazole: Evaluation of medication effectiveness

decrease abdominal pain, gastric irritation, and or bleeding. ulcer healing should show improvement on X-ray

Omeprazole: Nursing Interventions

assess for any abdominal pain, blood in stool, emesis, gastric aspirate any cramps, fevers, diarrhea, blood stools: notify PCP because sign of C-diff

Omeprazole: Client education

avoid NSAIDs/aspirin notify PCP if any abdominal pain/blood in stool, emesis

Ibuprofen

NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)

Ibuprofen: Expected Pharmacological action

to relieve moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

Ibuprofen: Theraputic use

decrease pain and inflammation reduction of fever

Ibuprofen: Complications

dizzy, headache, seizures, fluid retention, hypotension, heart failure, constipation, anorexia, elevated liver enzymes, ulceration, hepatitis, MI, renal failure

Ibuprofen: Medication administration

PO, IV usual: 1.2 to 3.1 g daily; max: 3.2 grams daily admin with food or just after eating

Ibuprofen: Contraindications/Precautions

angioedema, asthma, surgery, rhinthus, bronchospasms, nasal polyps

Ibuprofen: Interactions

ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, aspirin, cyclosporine, diuretics, lithium, alcohol use, methotrexate, heparin, oral anticoagulation, pemetrexed

Ibuprofen: Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness

pain, fever, and inflammation are reduced

Ibuprofen: Nursing Interventions

be aware of CVT events monitory patient for MI and stroke assess for asthma, urticaria, and rhithus

Ibuprofen: Client education

take with food and with water avoid alcohol, corticosteroids, and aspirin report flu-like symptoms avoid taking 2 NSAIDs at the same time

Acetaminophen

NSAID, nonopioid analgesics/antipyretics

Acetaminophen: Expected Pharmacological Action

slow down production of the prostaglandins of CNS

Acetaminophen: Therapeutic Use

analgesic (will relieve pain) antipyretic (fever reduction)

Acetaminophen: Complications

acute toxicity of the liver, nausea and vomiting, sweat, abdominal pain which can lead to hepatic failure, coma, death

Acetaminophen: Contraindications

cautiously to clients who say they consume more than 3 alcoholic beverages per day (metabolism thing) thuse increasing risk of bleeding

Acetaminophen: Interations

alcohol, increased bleeding with warfarin, drugs with epinephrine

Acetaminophen: Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness

relief of mild to moderate pain, fever reducted

Acetaminophen: Medication Administration

PO, rectal adults: 640-650 mg PRN q 4-6 hours max: 3,250 mg (4 doses) in 24 hrs

Acetaminophen: Nursing Interventions

monitor for: signs of renal failure WBC count liver function

Acetaminophen: Client Education

make sure client watches for urine color, skin color, abdominal pain, bleeding (gums), or bruising

What medicine to give if someone is having toxicity from acetaminophen?

Acetylcysteine