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NS Exam 3 > Visual Tracts > Flashcards

Visual Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

An image focused on the retina will be centered at what structures?

A

Fovea centralis

Macula lutea

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2
Q

What structure is the location of the blind spot of the retina?

A

Optic disc, located medial to the macula

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3
Q

What structure does the optic tract terminate in?

A

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

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4
Q

Layers 1 and 2 comprise what layers of the LGN?

A

Magnocellular layers

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5
Q

Layers 3-6 of the LGN comprise what layers that have small receptive fields?

A

Parvocellular layers

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6
Q

Magnocellular layers receive input from what structures?

A

Rods

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7
Q

What layers of the LGN are responsive to high-acuity color vision?

A

Parvocellular layers (Input from cones)

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8
Q

What layers of the LGN do the ganglion cell axons from the temporal retina terminate in?

A

Ipsilateral layers 2, 3, and 5

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9
Q

What layers of the LGN do the ganglion cell axons of the nasal retina terminate in?

A

Contralateral 1, 4, 6

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10
Q

What fibers of the optic radiations are received by the superior bank of the calcarine sulcus? What lobe?

A

Fibers from lower quadrant of contralateral hemifields

Cuneus

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11
Q

What fibers from the optic radiations target the inferior bank of the calcarine sulcus? What part of the occipital lobe?

A

Fibers from upper quadrant of contralateral hemifields

Lingual gyrus

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12
Q

What fibers form the Meyer loop?

A

Fibers from upper quadrant of contralateral hemifields

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13
Q

Fibers conveying information from the ____ and ___ originate from central regions of the LGN and pass to caudal portions of the visual cortex.

A

Macula

Fovea

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14
Q

What visual field deficit can be produced if there is a lesion to the temporal lobe? What visual structure has been damaged?

A

Superior visual field deficit - damage to Meyer’s loop

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15
Q

What is the function of the visual association cortex? What Brodmann’s areas?

A

Interpret location, motion, form, color

Brodmann areas 18 and 19 (surround primary visual cortex 17)

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16
Q

Where does the retinal input to the superior colliculus come from?

A

Select fibers from optic tract that bypass the LGN

17
Q

What is the function of the superior colliculus?

A

Spatailly directs head movements and visual reflexes

18
Q

What is the function of the pretectal/pretectum area?

A

Pupillary light reflex

Mediates non-conscious behavioral responses to acute changes in light

19
Q

What is a heteronymous visual field lesion?

A

Two eyes have non-overlapping field losses

20
Q

What kinds of visual field deficits are produced when there is damage anterior to the optic chiasm?

A

Deficit only in ipsilateral eye

21
Q

What kind of visual field deficits are produced when there is damage at the optic chiasm?

A

Heteronymous deficits

22
Q

Damage behind the optic chiasm causes what kind of visual field deficits?

A

Homonymous deficits

23
Q

The closer a lesion is to ___, the more congruous it is likely to be.

A

Visual cortex

24
Q

Patient presents with inability to name an object that he is seeing, but he recognizes it and knows its use. What is his disorder? This may result from occlusion of what artery?

A

Associative Visual Agnosia

Posterior Cerebral A.

25
Q

Associative visual agnosia may result from infarction of what structures?

A

Left occipital lobe and posterior corpus callosum (disconnect language area from visual association cortex)

26
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Central Scotoma

Lesion in Right Temporal retina

27
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Bitemporal Hemianopsia

Optic Chiasm lesion

28
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Total loss of vision in R eye

R Optic nerve lesion

29
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Contralateral (left) homonomous hemianopia

Lesion in Optic Tract or Geniculocalcarine tract

30
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Left Superior Homonomous Quadrantanopia

Temporal Lobe (Meyer’s Loop)

31
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Left Inferior Homonymous Qudrantanopia

Parietal Lobe

32
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Superior Left Homonymous Quadrantanopia with macular sparing

Inferior bank of calcarine fissure

33
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Inferior left Homonymous Quadrantanopia with macular sparing

Superior bank of calcarine fissure

34
Q

What is the disorder? Where is the lesion?

A

Contralateral (left) homonymous hemanopia) with macular sparing

Both banks of calcarine fissure

NS Exam 3 (15 decks)

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