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Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

What causes feline panleukopenia? Receptors?

A

Feline parvovirus; Transferrin, neuraminic acid

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2
Q

Key histo with feline parvovirus

A

Villar atrophy, epithelial ulceration, INIBs in enterocytes and lymphocytes, lymphocytolysis

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3
Q

What causes canine parvovirus? Receptors?

A

Canine parvovirus 2; Transferrin receptor

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4
Q

Key histo with canine parvo

A

Lymphopenia, myocarditis, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, crypt necrosis, villar blunting, basophilic INIBs in GI epithelium

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5
Q

What causes canine coronavirus? Disease?

A

Alphacoronavirus; transient puppy enteritis

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6
Q

Entry of coronavirus is facilitated by what?

A

Host protein aminopeptidase N (APN)

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7
Q

What causes Mouse Hepatitis virus?

A

Murine coronavirus- betacoronavirus
AKA lethal intestinal virus of infant mice (LIVIM)

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8
Q

Key histo with mouse hepatitis virus

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with viral syncytia and ICIBs

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9
Q

Cause of sialodacryoadenitis virus

A

Betacoronavirus

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10
Q

What glands are affected by SDAV?

A

Salivary and lacrimal (not mucous, so sublingual is spared)

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11
Q

Key histo with SDAV

A

Ductular and acinar necrosis, squamous metaplasia

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12
Q

What causes transmissible gastroenteritis? Disease, and in who?

A

Alphacoronavirus; piglets <14 days, malabsorptive osmotic diarrhea

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13
Q

What facilitates attachment and entry of TGE virus

A

Viral S protein binds sialic acid mucin and aminopeptidase N

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14
Q

What causes Epizootic Diarrhea of Infant Mice (EDIM)?

A

Group A Rotavirus

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15
Q

What facilitates entry of rotavirus; virulence?

A

VP4 and VP7; produces enterotoxin NSP4

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16
Q

Which mice are resistant to EDIM?

A

B6

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17
Q

Key histo with rotavirus and ruleout

A

Rare ICIBs, so coronavirus is ruleout

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18
Q

What causes Infectious Diarrhea of Infant Rats? (IDIR)

A

Group B rotavirus (the EDIM of rats)

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19
Q

Virulence factor of Group B Rotavirus

A

Enterotoxin NSP4

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20
Q

Key histo with IDIR

A

Epithelial syncytia +/- ICIBs

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21
Q

What causes Bovine Viral Diarrhea

A

Pestivirus (flaviviridae)

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22
Q

What are the BVD attachment proteins?

A

E1 and E2

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23
Q

Key histo for BVD

A

Lymphocytolysis, crypt destruction, inflammation of mucosa, ulceration, vasculitis

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24
Q

What causes duck viral enteritis

A

Alphaherpesvirus, Anatid herpesvirus 1

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25
Characteristic gross finding with duck plague
Necrosis of GALT
26
Key histo with duck viral enteritis
Hemorrhage, necrosis, epithelial INIBs (hepatocyte, biliary, GI)
27
What causes vesicular stomatitis? Who is affected? Who is not?
Rhabdovirus; Horse (only vesicular disease), cattle, pigs; Sheep/goats
28
TEM finding with Vesicular Stomatitis; Key histo
Bullet-shaped virions; Oral mucosal vesicles and erosions
29
What causes guinea pig cytomegalovirus?
Caviid herpesvirus 2, betaherpesvirus
30
Where does guinea pig cytomegalovirus go latent?
Glands, kidneys, lymphoreticular cells
31
Key histo with G pig cytomegalovirus
Mononuclear sialoadenitis, cytomegaly with INIBs +/- ICIBs
32
What causes Pacheco's disease?
Psittacid herpesvirus-1, alphaherpesvirus
33
Key histo with pacheco's disease
Hepatic and splenic necrosis with INIBs and maybe syncytia
34
Associated lesions with Pacheco's disease
Mucosal papillomas and biliary/pancreatic carcinoma
35
What kind of virus is Saimiriine herpesvirus-1; latency? Natural host? Fatal in
Alphaherpesvirus; in nerves; squirrel monkey; other NWMs
36
Key histo with Saimiriine herpesvirus 1
Epidermal/mucosal necrosis in many organs with INIBs and syncytia
37
Cause of Malignant Catarrhal Fever
Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1 (wildebeest reservoir) and Ovine herpesvirus 2 (sheep reservoir)
38
Where is MCF latent? Key gross lesions?
T-lymphocytes; Corneal opacity, hemorrhagic cystitis, mucosal hyperemia/erosions, LN edema
39
Key histo for MCF
Marked T lymphocyte hyperplasia, necrotizing vasculitis, lymphoid hyperplasia
40
What kind of virus causes bluetongue? Vector? Who is highly susceptible?
Orbivirus; Culicoides; sheep, white-tailed deer
41
Bluetongue attachment proteins; associated finding
VP2 and VP5; Congenital anomalies in vertical transmission
42
Key gross with orbivirus
Tongue edema/cyanosis, base of pulmonary artery hemorrhage is classic***, ruminal pillar necrosis, coronitis/laminitis
43
Key histo with orbivirus
Vasculitis and epithelial necrosis
44
Foot and mouth disease is caused by a ___________. Affects which species? Who is the carrier? The amplifier?
Aphthovirus; All cloven-hoofed animals; sheep/goats; pigs
45
FMD attachment proteins and receptor
VP1-4 capsid proteins attach to alpha integrins
46
Typical gross findings with FMD
Myocardial streaking (tiger heart) with sudden death in young animals
47
Key histo with FMD
Epithelial necrosis, ulceration, vesicles (indistinguishable from other vesicular dz)
48
Cause of Rift Valley Fever virus; vector; common presentations
Bunyavirus; mosquitos; Abortion storms, hepatic necrosis and neonatal death in sheep
49
Key histo with Rift Valley Fever virus; why is it weird?
Widespread hemorrhage, necrotizing hepatitis, INIBs; this is an RNA virus, but it forms INIBs
50
What causes infectious canine hepatitis
Canine Adenovirus-1
51
What tissues are targeted by canine adenovirus 1
Endothelium and hepatocytes
52
Clinical signs seen with canine adenovirus 1, including common sequela
Enteritis, hepatitis, pneumonia; type III HS-->corneal edema, uveitis, immune complex glomerulonephritis
53
Adenovirus appearance on TEM
Paracrystalline array
54
Key histo with infectious canine hepatitis
Basophilic INIBs, centrilobular hepatic necrosis***, gallbladder edema
55
What causes Inclusion body hepatitis in fowl
Fowl adenovirus (aviadenovirus)
56
What causes turkey hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys
Siadenovirus
57
What causes bovine papular stomatitis? In who?
Parapoxvirus in immunodeficient calves
58
Key histo with bovine papular stomatitis
Epithelial hyperplasia, ballooning degeneration, ICIBs
59
What causes contagious ecthyma? In who?
Ovine parapoxvirus (Orf); lambs/kids
60
Gross lesions with contagious ecthyma
Proliferative cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and oral lesions
61
Virulence factor of contagious ecthyma
VEGF CD95- causes apoptosis of APCs and Bcl-2 inhibition to prevent apoptosis of infected cells
62
Key histo with contageous ecthyma
Epithelial hyperplasia with rete ridges, ballooning degeneration, ICIBs
63
Cause of yellow fever virus? Vector? Subclinical in ________, fatal in _______.
Flavivirus; mosquito; Subclinical in OWMs, fatal in NWMs.
64
Key histo with yellow fever virus
Midzonal hepatic necrosis**, councilman bodies, IN Torres bodies (not true inclusions), lymphoid necrosis
65
What causes retroperitoneal fibromatosis?
Type D retrovirus (SRV-2/SAIDS or other) AND gammaherpesvirus (retroperitoneal fibromatosis-associated herpesvirus)
66
What drives growth in retroperitoneal fibromatosis?
IL-6
67
Classic gross of retroperitoneal fibromatosis
Pale, fibrous nodules on serosa
68
Classic histo of retroperitoneal fibromatosis
Spindle cell proliferation on serosal surface
69
What kind of virus is avian influenza? Reservoir? Most common genera in animals?
Orthomyxovirus; waterfowl; Influenza A
70
Important hemagglutinins in avian influenza
5&7
71
Associated gross lesions with avian influenza
Corneal edema, cyanosis/edema of head, petechia
72
Key histo with avian influenza
Multi-organ necrosis- brain, heart, lung, PANCREAS
73
Cause of infectious pancreatic necrosis in young salmonids
Birnavirus, aquabirnavirus
74
Key histo with infectious pancreatic necrosis
Minimal inflammation, McKnight cells (apoptotic pyloric cecal epithelium)
75
Cause of callitrichid hepatitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - arenavirus
76
What does callitrichid hepatitis cause, in who?
Rapidly fatal hepatitis; marmosets and tamarins
77
Key histo with callitrichid hepatitis
Multifocal random hepatic necrosis, rare ICIBs, "acidophilic bodies" (apoptotic hepatocytes)
78
Cause of rinderpest?
Bovine morbillivirus
79
Receptor for Rinderpest
SLAM (CD150) on T, B, and dendritic cells
80
Key histo with rinderpest
GI necrosis, ulceration; lymphoid necrosis; syncytia, INIBs and ICIBs in epithelial and lymphoid cells
81
What causes Wesselbron Disease? Vector; who dies?
Flavivirus; Aedes mosquito; sheep abortion and perinatal death
82
What tissues does Wesselbron Disease target? Main differential?
Hepatotropic and neurotropic; Rift Valley Fever because also INIBs
83
What causes boid inclusion body disease? Clinical disease?
Arenavirus; Chronic regurgitation and CNS signs
84
Key histo with boid inclusion body disease
ICIBs in peripheral blood, lymphocytes, neurons, hepatocytes, renal tubules
85
What causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV)
Calicivirus, lagovirus RHD- Oryctolagus only, older rabbits EBHS- Lepus only (hares) RHDV2- Rabbits and hares <30 days old
86
Target organs of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus
Liver, lung, spleen
87
Key histo with rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus
Periportal to massive hepatic necrosis, necrotizing enteritis, hemorrhage and thrombi

Systemics- GI (8 decks)

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