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Systemics- GI > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

What causes feline panleukopenia? Receptors?

A

Feline parvovirus; Transferrin, neuraminic acid

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2
Q

Key histo with feline parvovirus

A

Villar atrophy, epithelial ulceration, INIBs in enterocytes and lymphocytes, lymphocytolysis

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3
Q

What causes canine parvovirus? Receptors?

A

Canine parvovirus 2; Transferrin receptor

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4
Q

Key histo with canine parvo

A

Lymphopenia, myocarditis, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, crypt necrosis, villar blunting, basophilic INIBs in GI epithelium

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5
Q

What causes canine coronavirus? Disease?

A

Alphacoronavirus; transient puppy enteritis

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6
Q

Entry of coronavirus is facilitated by what?

A

Host protein aminopeptidase N (APN)

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7
Q

What causes Mouse Hepatitis virus?

A

Murine coronavirus- betacoronavirus
AKA lethal intestinal virus of infant mice (LIVIM)

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8
Q

Key histo with mouse hepatitis virus

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with viral syncytia and ICIBs

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9
Q

Cause of sialodacryoadenitis virus

A

Betacoronavirus

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10
Q

What glands are affected by SDAV?

A

Salivary and lacrimal (not mucous, so sublingual is spared)

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11
Q

Key histo with SDAV

A

Ductular and acinar necrosis, squamous metaplasia

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12
Q

What causes transmissible gastroenteritis? Disease, and in who?

A

Alphacoronavirus; piglets <14 days, malabsorptive osmotic diarrhea

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13
Q

What facilitates attachment and entry of TGE virus

A

Viral S protein binds sialic acid mucin and aminopeptidase N

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14
Q

What causes Epizootic Diarrhea of Infant Mice (EDIM)?

A

Group A Rotavirus

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15
Q

What facilitates entry of rotavirus; virulence?

A

VP4 and VP7; produces enterotoxin NSP4

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16
Q

Which mice are resistant to EDIM?

A

B6

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17
Q

Key histo with rotavirus and ruleout

A

Rare ICIBs, so coronavirus is ruleout

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18
Q

What causes Infectious Diarrhea of Infant Rats? (IDIR)

A

Group B rotavirus (the EDIM of rats)

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19
Q

Virulence factor of Group B Rotavirus

A

Enterotoxin NSP4

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20
Q

Key histo with IDIR

A

Epithelial syncytia +/- ICIBs

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21
Q

What causes Bovine Viral Diarrhea

A

Pestivirus (flaviviridae)

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22
Q

What are the BVD attachment proteins?

A

E1 and E2

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23
Q

Key histo for BVD

A

Lymphocytolysis, crypt destruction, inflammation of mucosa, ulceration, vasculitis

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24
Q

What causes duck viral enteritis

A

Alphaherpesvirus, Anatid herpesvirus 1

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25
Q

Characteristic gross finding with duck plague

A

Necrosis of GALT

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26
Q

Key histo with duck viral enteritis

A

Hemorrhage, necrosis, epithelial INIBs (hepatocyte, biliary, GI)

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27
Q

What causes vesicular stomatitis? Who is affected? Who is not?

A

Rhabdovirus; Horse (only vesicular disease), cattle, pigs; Sheep/goats

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28
Q

TEM finding with Vesicular Stomatitis; Key histo

A

Bullet-shaped virions; Oral mucosal vesicles and erosions

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29
Q

What causes guinea pig cytomegalovirus?

A

Caviid herpesvirus 2, betaherpesvirus

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30
Q

Where does guinea pig cytomegalovirus go latent?

A

Glands, kidneys, lymphoreticular cells

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31
Q

Key histo with G pig cytomegalovirus

A

Mononuclear sialoadenitis, cytomegaly with INIBs +/- ICIBs

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32
Q

What causes Pacheco’s disease?

A

Psittacid herpesvirus-1, alphaherpesvirus

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33
Q

Key histo with pacheco’s disease

A

Hepatic and splenic necrosis with INIBs and maybe syncytia

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34
Q

Associated lesions with Pacheco’s disease

A

Mucosal papillomas and biliary/pancreatic carcinoma

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35
Q

What kind of virus is Saimiriine herpesvirus-1; latency? Natural host? Fatal in

A

Alphaherpesvirus; in nerves; squirrel monkey; other NWMs

36
Q

Key histo with Saimiriine herpesvirus 1

A

Epidermal/mucosal necrosis in many organs with INIBs and syncytia

37
Q

Cause of Malignant Catarrhal Fever

A

Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1 (wildebeest reservoir) and Ovine herpesvirus 2 (sheep reservoir)

38
Q

Where is MCF latent? Key gross lesions?

A

T-lymphocytes; Corneal opacity, hemorrhagic cystitis, mucosal hyperemia/erosions, LN edema

39
Q

Key histo for MCF

A

Marked T lymphocyte hyperplasia, necrotizing vasculitis, lymphoid hyperplasia

40
Q

What kind of virus causes bluetongue? Vector? Who is highly susceptible?

A

Orbivirus; Culicoides; sheep, white-tailed deer

41
Q

Bluetongue attachment proteins; associated finding

A

VP2 and VP5; Congenital anomalies in vertical transmission

42
Q

Key gross with orbivirus

A

Tongue edema/cyanosis, base of pulmonary artery hemorrhage is classic***, ruminal pillar necrosis, coronitis/laminitis

43
Q

Key histo with orbivirus

A

Vasculitis and epithelial necrosis

44
Q

Foot and mouth disease is caused by a ___________. Affects which species? Who is the carrier? The amplifier?

A

Aphthovirus; All cloven-hoofed animals; sheep/goats; pigs

45
Q

FMD attachment proteins and receptor

A

VP1-4 capsid proteins attach to alpha integrins

46
Q

Typical gross findings with FMD

A

Myocardial streaking (tiger heart) with sudden death in young animals

47
Q

Key histo with FMD

A

Epithelial necrosis, ulceration, vesicles (indistinguishable from other vesicular dz)

48
Q

Cause of Rift Valley Fever virus; vector; common presentations

A

Bunyavirus; mosquitos; Abortion storms, hepatic necrosis and neonatal death in sheep

49
Q

Key histo with Rift Valley Fever virus; why is it weird?

A

Widespread hemorrhage, necrotizing hepatitis, INIBs; this is an RNA virus, but it forms INIBs

50
Q

What causes infectious canine hepatitis

A

Canine Adenovirus-1

51
Q

What tissues are targeted by canine adenovirus 1

A

Endothelium and hepatocytes

52
Q

Clinical signs seen with canine adenovirus 1, including common sequela

A

Enteritis, hepatitis, pneumonia; type III HS–>corneal edema, uveitis, immune complex glomerulonephritis

53
Q

Adenovirus appearance on TEM

A

Paracrystalline array

54
Q

Key histo with infectious canine hepatitis

A

Basophilic INIBs, centrilobular hepatic necrosis***, gallbladder edema

55
Q

What causes Inclusion body hepatitis in fowl

A

Fowl adenovirus (aviadenovirus)

56
Q

What causes turkey hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys

A

Siadenovirus

57
Q

What causes bovine papular stomatitis? In who?

A

Parapoxvirus in immunodeficient calves

58
Q

Key histo with bovine papular stomatitis

A

Epithelial hyperplasia, ballooning degeneration, ICIBs

59
Q

What causes contagious ecthyma? In who?

A

Ovine parapoxvirus (Orf); lambs/kids

60
Q

Gross lesions with contagious ecthyma

A

Proliferative cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and oral lesions

61
Q

Virulence factor of contagious ecthyma

A

VEGF
CD95- causes apoptosis of APCs and Bcl-2 inhibition to prevent apoptosis of infected cells

62
Q

Key histo with contageous ecthyma

A

Epithelial hyperplasia with rete ridges, ballooning degeneration, ICIBs

63
Q

Cause of yellow fever virus? Vector? Subclinical in ________, fatal in _______.

A

Flavivirus; mosquito; Subclinical in OWMs, fatal in NWMs.

64
Q

Key histo with yellow fever virus

A

Midzonal hepatic necrosis**, councilman bodies, IN Torres bodies (not true inclusions), lymphoid necrosis

65
Q

What causes retroperitoneal fibromatosis?

A

Type D retrovirus (SRV-2/SAIDS or other) AND gammaherpesvirus (retroperitoneal fibromatosis-associated herpesvirus)

66
Q

What drives growth in retroperitoneal fibromatosis?

A

IL-6

67
Q

Classic gross of retroperitoneal fibromatosis

A

Pale, fibrous nodules on serosa

68
Q

Classic histo of retroperitoneal fibromatosis

A

Spindle cell proliferation on serosal surface

69
Q

What kind of virus is avian influenza? Reservoir? Most common genera in animals?

A

Orthomyxovirus; waterfowl; Influenza A

70
Q

Important hemagglutinins in avian influenza

A

5&7

71
Q

Associated gross lesions with avian influenza

A

Corneal edema, cyanosis/edema of head, petechia

72
Q

Key histo with avian influenza

A

Multi-organ necrosis- brain, heart, lung, PANCREAS

73
Q

Cause of infectious pancreatic necrosis in young salmonids

A

Birnavirus, aquabirnavirus

74
Q

Key histo with infectious pancreatic necrosis

A

Minimal inflammation, McKnight cells (apoptotic pyloric cecal epithelium)

75
Q

Cause of callitrichid hepatitis

A

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - arenavirus

76
Q

What does callitrichid hepatitis cause, in who?

A

Rapidly fatal hepatitis; marmosets and tamarins

77
Q

Key histo with callitrichid hepatitis

A

Multifocal random hepatic necrosis, rare ICIBs, “acidophilic bodies” (apoptotic hepatocytes)

78
Q

Cause of rinderpest?

A

Bovine morbillivirus

79
Q

Receptor for Rinderpest

A

SLAM (CD150) on T, B, and dendritic cells

80
Q

Key histo with rinderpest

A

GI necrosis, ulceration; lymphoid necrosis; syncytia, INIBs and ICIBs in epithelial and lymphoid cells

81
Q

What causes Wesselbron Disease? Vector; who dies?

A

Flavivirus; Aedes mosquito; sheep abortion and perinatal death

82
Q

What tissues does Wesselbron Disease target? Main differential?

A

Hepatotropic and neurotropic; Rift Valley Fever because also INIBs

83
Q

What causes boid inclusion body disease? Clinical disease?

A

Arenavirus; Chronic regurgitation and CNS signs

84
Q

Key histo with boid inclusion body disease

A

ICIBs in peripheral blood, lymphocytes, neurons, hepatocytes, renal tubules

85
Q

What causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV)

A

Calicivirus, lagovirus
RHD- Oryctolagus only, older rabbits
EBHS- Lepus only (hares)
RHDV2- Rabbits and hares <30 days old

86
Q

Target organs of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus

A

Liver, lung, spleen

87
Q

Key histo with rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus

A

Periportal to massive hepatic necrosis, necrotizing enteritis, hemorrhage and thrombi

Systemics- GI (8 decks)

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