Stomach-Intestines Flashcards
Most common lesion seen with mycotic gastritis
Thrombosis and hemorrhagic infarctions, with areas of mucosal necrosis surrounded by a hyperemic ring
Most common cause of mycotic gastritis
Zygomycetes, such as Rhizopus, Mucor, or Absidia
What do zygomycetes look like?
Broad and nonseptate hyphae
Two causes of parasitic gastritis in the dog; lesions with each
- Physaloptera- focal ulceration
- Gnathostoma- submucosal cysts with supportive exudate and worms
Four causes of parasitic gastritis in cats
Physaloptera
Gnathostoma
Cylicospirura felineus
Ollulanus tricuspis
Causes of parasitic gastritis in the horse; features
- Draschia megastoma- inflammatory nodules in submucosa along MP
- Habronema muscae and majus- on mucosa
- Trichostrongylus axei- chronic gastritis
Cause of parasitic gastritis in swine
Spirurids- Ascarops, Physocephalus, Simondsia, mild gastritis if heavy infection
Gnathostoma- cysts
Ollulanus tricuspis
Hyostrongylus rubidus
Large abomasal blood-sucking trichostrongyles (2)
Haemonchus
Mecistocirrus
Syndrome in dogs following spinal trauma
Gastric hemorrhage
Pancreatitis
Colonic ulceration and perforation
Viruses associated with abomasal ulcers
BVDV
MCF
Other causes of abomasal ulcers
Roughage consumption
Mineral deficiency
C. perfringens
Where do you find gastric ulcers in the pig?
Pars esophagea
Most significant predisposing factor in pigs with gastric ulcers; other factor?
finely ground rations; fluid stomach contents
Where do gastric ulcers occur in the horse?
Adjacent to the margo plicatus, in the non-glandular portion
Viral agents that attack enterocytes (villi) of small intestine; other organisms?
Coronavirus, rotavirus; coccidia
Viral agents that attack crypts of small intestine
Parvovirus, BVDV
Viral agents that attack glands of large intestine; other organisms?
bovine and canine coronavirus; coccidia
Who gets a gluten-sensitive enteropathy?
Irish Setter dogs
Who gets cobalamin malabsorption due to lack of mucosal microvillar hydrolases?
Beagles, Aussies, Chinese Shar-Peis, Giant Schnauzers, Border collies
What are the most important causes of a secretory diarrhea? Mechanism?
Bacterial enterotoxins produced by Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli; Toxin- stimulated cAMP shuts down sodium chloride cotransport
What random molecules are diarrheagenic?
Calcitonin from thyroid tumors
Serotonin
Bradykanin or substance P from carcinoids
Histamine from mast cell tumor
Gastrin from gastrinomas
Parasite causing inappetence in Abomasum? small intestine? large bowel?
Abomasum- Ostertagia
Small intestine- Trichostrongylus
Large bowel- Oesophagostomum
Parasites causing plasma protein loss?
Haemonchus, Ancylostoma, Bunostomum (blood-sucking nematodes)
Oesophagostomum, Chabertia, Strongylus (cause mucosal trauma and hemorrhage)
Two main routes plasma protein loss (organs)
Glomerular disease (usually amyloidosis)
Gastrointestinal
