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Oral Cavity-Abomasum Flashcards

1
Q

Most common malignant oral tumor in dogs

A

Melanoma

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2
Q

Most common malignant oral tumor in cats

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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3
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma locations in cats

A
  1. Ventral tongue
  2. Gingiva
  3. Tonsils
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4
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma locations in dogs

A
  1. Tonsils (more likely to met)
  2. Gingiva
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5
Q

Three broad categories of cleft palate causes

A

Hereditary
Drugs
Teratogenic plants

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6
Q

Who gets hereditary cleft palates?

A

Charolais (with arthrogryposis) and Herefords

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7
Q

Who gets hereditary cleft palates?

A

Charolais (with arthrogryposis) and Herefords

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8
Q

Cause of cleft palate in lambs

A

Veratrum californicum

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9
Q

Plants causing cleft palates in pigs; toxic substance?

A

Poison hemlock (conium maculatum)
Tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca)
Tobacco stalks (nicotiana tabacum)
;piperidine alkaloids

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10
Q

Plant causing cleft palate and arthogryposis in calves (crooked calf disease); toxic substance?

A

Lupines (lupinus formosus); ammodendrine (piperidine alkaloid)

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11
Q

Dog breeds (2) and cat breeds (2) that get palatoschisis

A

German boxer dogs and Pyrenees
Siamese and Abyssinian

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12
Q

Medication in cats and horses that cause palatoschisis

A

Griseofulvin

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13
Q

What is brachygnathia superior

A

Shortness of the maxillae

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14
Q

What is Brachygnathia inferior

A

Shortness of the mandibles

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15
Q

What is brachygnathia inferior associated with in calves?

A

Cerebellar hypoplasia

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16
Q

Merino sheep syndrome with brachygnathia- two other systems affected

A

Cardiomegaly
Renal hypoplasia

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17
Q

Transplacental infection with this virus is associated with brachygnathia in lambs and calves

A

Schmallenberg virus (orthobunyavirus)

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18
Q

What causes lack of enamel formation and a yellow color? Who gets it?

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta; cattle and Standard poodle dogs

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19
Q

Cause of pink teeth

A

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria

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20
Q

What causes yellow/brown teeth to fluoresce in UV light

A

Tetracycline antibiotics

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21
Q

Effect of vitamin A deficiency on teeth

A

Enamel hypoplasia
Hypomineralization
Vascularized dentin (osteodentin)
Failed eruption

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22
Q

Effect of calcium deficiency on teeth

A

Enamel hypoplasia
Mild dentin hypoplasia
Eruption slow
Inferior prognathia with recovery

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23
Q

Effect of phosphorus and vitamin d deficiency on teeth

A

Mild dentin hypoplasia

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24
Q

Sign of equine infectious anemia in the mouth

A

Petechiae on ventral tongue and frenulum

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25
Which vesicular stomatitides initially cause vesicle formation? Which ones just cause erosions/ulcers?
1. Foot and mouth, vesicular stomatitis 2. Rinderpest, BVD, malignant catarrhal fever
26
Diagnostic features of pemphigus vulgaris
Suprabasilar clefts and bullae from acantholysis
27
Diagnostic feature of bullous pemphigoid
Subepithelial clefting without acantholysis
28
Which feline virus causes oral vesicles and ulcers; just ulcers?
Feline calicivirus (no inclusions); feline herpesvirus 1 (inclusions)
29
Cause of oral necrobacillosis; endotoxins produced
Fusobacterium necrophorum; leukocidins, hemolysins, cytoplasmic toxin
30
What disease does Actinobacillus lignieresii cause?
Wooden tongue and regional lymphadenitis
31
What disease does Actinomyces bovis cause?
Osteomyelitis (lumpy jaw)
32
What virus replicates in the tonsils of swine?
Pseudorabies
33
Who gets diffuse gingival fibrous hyperplasia?
Boxer dogs
34
What causes oral papillomas in dogs?
Canine papillomavirus 1
35
What causes oral papillomas in cattle?
Bovine papillomavirus 4
36
Where do ameloblastomas occur?
Mandible of dogs
37
Most common odontogenic tumor of cattle
Ameloblastic fibroma
38
What are oral SCC associated with in cattle?
oral papillomatosis and bracken fern ingestion
39
What percentage of oral melanomas metastasize to regional LN?
70%
40
Histologic feature of melanoma
Junctional activity
41
Prognostic indicators for melanoma
Mitotic index, nuclear atypia, Ki67
42
Common oral tumor in young dogs (3rd most common overall)
Fibrosarcoma; invasive and recurs
43
What is the different between cutaneous mast cell tumor and oral MCT?
Oral MCT more likely to metastasize to LN
44
Tumor on base of the tongue of older dogs
Granular cell tumor
45
Cell of origin in granular cell tumor
Neuroectodermal precursor cells
46
Ancillary diagnostic to perform for granular cell tumor
PAS positive
47
Age related change in salivary glands
Oncocytic metaplasia of salivary duct epithelium
48
What causes "slobbers" in cattle? What is the toxic principle?
Rhizoctonia leguminicola (mycotic infestation of legumes); produces slaframine (and swainsonine)
49
What is a ranula?
Cystic distension of salivary duct
50
What is a salivary mucocele or sialocele?
Accumulation of salivary secretions in a cavity, not lined by secretory epithelium
51
Who gets necrotizing sialometaplasia?
Terrier dogs
52
Three criteria for congenital duplication cysts
1. located within esophageal wall 2. lined by epithelium 3. double muscle larer in the wall
53
Cause of esophageal hyperkeratosis or hyperplasia of epithelium
Vitamin A deficiency Chlorinated naphthalene toxicity
54
Cause of esophageal parakeratosis in pigs
Zinc deficiency
55
Causes of erosive/ulcerative esophagitis
BVD Rinderpest Bovine papular stomatitis IBR Feline calicivirus
56
Histologic finding with chronic esophagitis
Columnar and mucus cell hyperplasia
57
Vascular anomaly that affects the esophagus; predisoposed breeds
Persistent right 4th aortic arch; Irish setter, German shepherd, German Pinscher, Boston terrier
58
Breeds predisposed to Congenital Idiopathic Megaesophagus
Great Danes, German shepherds, Irish setters
59
What cat gets congenital megaesophagus?
Siamese
60
Parasite associated with esophageal sarcocystis
Sarcocystis gigantea
61
Parasite in horses that attaches and may cause ulcers in esophagus
Gasterophilus spp. larvae
62
Parasite in cattle that live in submucosa or adventitia of esophagus
Hypoderma lineatum larvae
63
Spirurid nematode in the stratified squamous mucosa of ruminants and swine
Gongylonema pulchrum
64
Spirurid nematode in esophageal wall of canids; other location? associated lesion?
Spirocerca lupi; wall of aorta and gastric cardia; caudal thoracic vertebral body spondylitis
65
Ruminal mucosal epithelium
Stratified squamous
66
High concentrate rations cause
Primary tympany aka frothy bloat
67
Inability to eructate causes
Secondary tympany aka free gas or secondary bloat (vagus indigestion)
68
Cause of ruminal mucosal necrosis in neonatal calves
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (IBR)
69
Pathogenesis of ruminal acidosis
Carbs decrease pH-->Gram negative bacteria die-->streptococci thrive and produce lactic acid-->pH drops further-->rumenitis-->ruminal atony (vagal indigestion) and increase in ruminal osmotic pressure-->fluid moves into rumen-->bulky and liquid ruminal contents-->dehydration-->dead
70
Sequelae to ruminal acidosis (4)
Sepsis from fusobacterium (necrobacillosis) and liver abscesses Mycotic rumenitis Laminitis Encephalopathy
71
Causes of mycotic rumenitis; histologic findings
Mucor, Rhizopus, Absidia; submucosal venular thrombosis with infarction
72
Parasite in epithelium of rumen
Gongylonema spp.
73
Rumen flukes, mostly nonpathogenic
Paramphistomum cervi
74
Cause of papillomas in cattle squamous epithelium of GI; can be complicated by what?
bovine papillomavirus 4; bracken fern can cause transition to SCC
75
Cause of FIBROpapillomas in esophagus and rumen of cattle
BPV-2
76
What cat breed gets pyloric stenosis
Siamese
77
Nasal mite
Pneumonyssoides caninum
78
Cause of metabolic alkalosis
Obstruction of duodenal outflow with sequestration of chloride in abomasum
79
Zinc toxicosis causes _____________; associated lesions
Abomasal and duodenal necrosis with lime green mucosa; fibrosing pancreatitis and nephrosis
80
Cause of gastritis in ferrets
Helicobacter mustelae
81
Acute abomasitis in sheep is called____ and caused by ______
Braxy or bradsot; Clostridium septicum

Systemics- GI (8 decks)

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