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Biology > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are 2 properties of viruses?

A

Acellular and non living

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2
Q

Acellular meaning

A

Containing no cell

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3
Q

Why are viruses non living?

A

Cannot reproduce independently and require a host cell

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4
Q

What are the 3 features of a virus?

A
  • nucleic acids (RNA/DNA)
  • capsid
  • Attachment protein
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5
Q

What is a feature of a virus that is not always present?

A

External envelope

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6
Q

What is an example of an attachment protein?

A

Glycoproteins

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7
Q

What is the role of nucleic acids in a virus?

A

Code for proteins

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8
Q

What is the role of the capsid in a virus?

A
  • Protection of nucleic acid from enzymes when outside host
  • binds to host cell surface
  • assist in penetration of host and introduction of nucleic acid
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9
Q

What is the role of the attachment protein?

A

Attach to receptors in a host cell

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10
Q

What is the role of the external envelope?

A

Glycoprotein spikes allow attachment to host

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11
Q

What is capsid?

A

A protein coat

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12
Q

What are symptoms of tobacco mosaic virus?

A

Yellow blotches/spots on leaves of plants

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13
Q

What is TMV transmitted by?

A

Aphids

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14
Q

What type of virus is TMV?

A

Naked (not enveloped) RNA virus

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15
Q

What shape is the virus of TMV?

A

Helical

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16
Q

What is a bacteriophage?

A

A virus that infects bacteria

17
Q

What are the symptoms of Lamda phage?

A

Lysing of bacterial cells around initial infection point (shows are clear areas in bacterial colony)

18
Q

What type of virus is Lambda Phage?

A

Naked (non enveloped) DNA virus

19
Q

What is the shape/complex of the Lambda phage?

A

Polyhedral head and helical tail

20
Q

What is the classification of viruses based on?

A

Structure and nucleic acid type

21
Q

What are the available structures of viruses?

A
  • helical
  • polyhedral
  • complex (polyhedral head, helical tail)
  • plasma membranes (enveloped or naked)
22
Q

What are the types of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

Biology (33 decks)

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