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biology > Cell Membranes > Flashcards

Cell Membranes Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What are all membranes called?

A

Plasma membrane

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2
Q

What do membranes contain?

A
  • phospholipids
  • cholesterol
  • proteins
  • glycoproteins
  • glycolipids
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3
Q

What are the type of proteins in cell membranes?

A
  • carrier proteins
  • channel proteins
  • receptor proteins
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4
Q

What is intrinsic?

A

Type of protein that spans across the whole membrane

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5
Q

What is extrinsic?

A

Type of protein that is not embedded all the way through the membrane

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6
Q

What is the property of phospholipid head?

A

Hydrophilic

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7
Q

What is the property of the fatty acid tail?

A

Hydrophobic

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8
Q

What is a glycoprotein?

A

Protein attached to a carbohydrate chain

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9
Q

What is a glycolipid?

A

Phospholipid attached to a carbohydrate chain

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10
Q

What is the role of the cholesterol?

A

Makes membrane more stable

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11
Q

What is the role of the carrier proteins and channel proteins?

A

Allow large polar (water soluble) molecules through the membrane

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12
Q

What is the role of glycoproteins and glycolipids?

A

Act as receptors for communication between cells

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13
Q

What is the role of the receptor proteins?

A
  • Allows cell to detect chemicals released from other cells
  • chemical signals cells to respond in some way
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14
Q

What is the role of the phospholipid?

A

Allows small non polar (insoluble in water) substances to diffuse

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15
Q

Why is it called a fluid mosaic model?

A

Fluid- phospholipids move
Mosaic- scattered proteins throughout membrane vary in shape or size

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16
Q

What is the thickness of the membrane?

A

7nm

17
Q

What is the role of the cell surface membrane?

A
  • control entry and exit of substances on the cell surface membrane
  • divides organelles and acts as a barrier between organelles and cytoplasm
  • partially permeable so controls what substances enter and leave the organelle
18
Q

What are the methods of substances moving in and out of cells?

A
  • diffusion
  • facilitated diffusion
  • osmosis
  • active transport
19
Q

What type of process is diffusion?

A

Passive

20
Q

What type of process is facilitated diffusion?

A

Passive

21
Q

What type of process is osmosis?

A

Passive

22
Q

What type of process is active transport?

A

Active

23
Q

What is the direction movement of diffusion?

A

Higher to lower concentration

24
Q

What is the direction of movement of facilitated diffusion?

A

Higher to lower concentration

25
Q

What is the direction of movement of osmosis?

A

Higher to lower water potential

26
Q

What is the direction of movement of active transport?

A

Lower to higher concentration

27
Q

What are the conditions of diffusion?

A

Concentration gradient

28
Q

What are the conditions of facilitated diffusion?

A

Concentration gradient, plus channel or carrier proteins

29
Q

What are the conditions of osmosis?

A

Concentration gradient, channel proteins optional

30
Q

What are the conditions of active transport?

A

Carrier proteins and ATP energy

31
Q

What are examples of diffusion?

A

Gases and steroid hormones

32
Q

What are examples of facilitated diffusion?

A

Glucose and amino acids, Polar molecules charged ions

33
Q

What are examples of osmosis?

A

Water only

34
Q

What are examples of active transport?

A

Ions, sugars and amino acids

biology (33 decks)

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