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Biology > DNA & RNA > Flashcards

DNA & RNA Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the monomers of DNA?

A

Nucleotides

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2
Q

What does a nucleotide contain?

A

A phosphate, deoxyribose/ribose, nitrogenous base

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3
Q

What are the RNA bases?

A

Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Uracil

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4
Q

What are the DNA bases?

A

Cytosine, Guanine, adenine, thymine

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5
Q

What type of structure is a pyrimidine?

A

Single ring

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6
Q

What type of structure is a purine?

A

Double ring

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7
Q

Which bases are pyrimidines?

A

Cytosine, uracil, thymine

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8
Q

Which bases are purines?

A

Guanine, adenine

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9
Q

Does the 2 strands of helix in DNA run antiparallel?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What is the link between 2 adjacent nucleotides called?

A

Phosphodiester bond

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11
Q

What type of bonds is the sugar phosphate backbone held by?

A

Strong covalent bonds

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12
Q

What type of reactions are nucleotides linked by?

A

Condensation

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13
Q

What is the sugar in DNA?

A

Deoxyribose

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14
Q

What is the sugar in RNA?

A

Ribose

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15
Q

What is the stability of DNA?

A

Very stable and long lasting

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16
Q

What is the stability of RNA?

A

Unstable and breaks up quickly

17
Q

What is the location of DNA in eukaryotes?

A

Nucleus

18
Q

What is the location of RNA in eukaryotes?

A

Nucleus and cytoplasm

19
Q

What are the varieties of DNA?

A

Only one form

20
Q

What are the varieties of RNA?

A

Different varieties such as mRNA and tRNA

21
Q

What are genes?

A

A sequence of DNA nucleotide bases of DNA that codes for a particular polypeptide.

22
Q

What are polypeptides?

A

Chains of amino acids which follow up into a protein

23
Q

What are the 2 types of RNA?

A

Messenger RNA and transfer RNA

24
Q

What is the role of the messenger RNA?

A
  • Complementary copy of the section of DNA which codes for one polypeptide
  • It takes the code from the nucleus to the ribosome where protein synthesis takes place
25
Q

What is the role of the transfer RNA?

A
  • Carries specific amino acids to the ribosome where amino acids are joined by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide
  • tRNA molecule tends to fold up by complementary base pairing

Biology (33 decks)

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