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1st Semester Final > Virus > Flashcards

Virus Flashcards

fuck me jerry

1
Q

Retroviruses

A

Class of RNA viruses that can produce double stranded DNA copies of their genome and then integrate into the chromosome of the host cell using reverse transcriptase, key example being HIV

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2
Q

Transplacental transmisison is…

A

…vertical transmission

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3
Q

Generally longer incubation times mean…

A

…the infection damage is further from the primary site of infection

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4
Q

Respiratory viruses

A 
Influena
Coronavirus
Rhinovirus
Adenovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Respiratory syncytial virus
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5
Q

Influenza is what type of virus?

A

RNA virus

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6
Q

2 major types of influenza that cause infection and what type of antigenic variation do they undergo?

A

Antigentic drift - both influenza A and B

Antigenic shift - A only (most severe epidemics)

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7
Q

Influenza diagnostics

A

Rapid influenza test can give results in 30 min, not most accurate, otherwise must viral culture for 3-10 days

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8
Q

Often patients with influenza virus develop a secondary…

A

…bacterial pneumonia infection

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9
Q

Complications of influenza

A
  • Bacterial 2ndary pneumonia infection
  • Guillian Barre syndrome
  • Reye’s syndrome (swelling in liver and brain, this is why we don’t give aspirin)
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10
Q

Influenza treatment

A
  • Neuraminidase inhibitors, not very effective

- Adamantane antivirals, rare to use as so much resistance

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11
Q

Coronavirus is what type of virus?

A

RNA virus

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12
Q

Coronavirus causes…

A

typically the common cold, associated with SARS, and MERS

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13
Q

Coronavirus treatment

A

Palliative, no treatment available

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14
Q

Rhinovirus is the most common cause of what…

A

Most common cause of common cold

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15
Q

Rhinovirus treatment

A

Palliative care, no treatment available

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16
Q

Rhinovirus is what type of virus?

A

RNA virus

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17
Q

Adenovirus is what type of virus?

A

DNA virus

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18
Q

Adenovirus symptoms

A

URI, conjunctivitis, GI symptoms

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19
Q

Adenovirus treatment

A

None available

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20
Q

Parainfluenza is also known as…

A

Croup

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21
Q

What type of virus is parainfluenza

A

Single stranded RNA

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22
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is what type of virus?

A

RNA virus

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23
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus RSV affects what 2 groups, it is predominantly, it is the most frequent cause of what in one of those groups?

A

Young and old, young pediatric bronchiolitis and pneumonia

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24
Q

Buzzword of RSV

A

Bronchiolitis

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25
RSV diagnosis
Rapid antigen detection, viral culture
26
Digestive system viruses
Mumps, rotavirus, norovirus, non-polio enteroviruses
27
What type of virus is mumps?
RNA virus
28
Major feature of mumps
Bilateral parotitis
29
Mumps treatment
Preventative, vaccine
30
Rotavirus is what type of virus
RNA virus
31
Rotavirus is the leading cause of what....
...severe gastroenteritis in children
32
Rotavirus treatment
Preventative, vaccine
33
Norovirus is what type of virus
RNA virus
34
Norovirus is the most common cause of...
non bacterial gastroenteritis
35
Norovirus frequently breaks out in...
...long term care facilities, cruise ships,
36
Norovirus treatment
Palliative care
37
Enteroviruses include
Poliovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, enterovirus
38
Enterovirus is the most often cause of...
viral meningitis and encephalitis
39
Coxsackievirus A frequently causes...
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, fever and vesicles on mouth and hands and feet
40
Coxsackievirus A treatment
Supportive care
41
Coxsackievirus A diagnosis
Viral culture, serology, or PCR
42
Poliovirus symptoms
Nonspecific, fever, malaise, neck and back pain, motor weakness and long term paralysis
43
Polio treatment
Preventative vaccine
44
Viruses causing skin eruptions
Rubeola virus, herpes symplex, varicella zoster, parvovirus B19
45
Rubeola virus causes...
Measles, most contagious disease known to humans
46
Koplik spot
Small bluish white raised spots on oral mucosa indicative of measles rubeola virus presence
47
What type of virus is rubeola?
RNA virus
48
Rubeola virus diagnosis
Serologic testing
49
Rubeola virus treatment
Post exposure prophylaxis MMR vaccine within 72 hours of exposure or immuneglobin within 6 days
50
Herpes simplex virus is what kind of virus?
DNA
51
HSV1 is typically found where? HSV2?
Orofacial, genitalia
52
Treatment for herpes simplex virus
Antiviral acyclovir, valancylovir, famciclovir
53
Varicella zoster virus is waht type of virus?
DNA
54
2 common ifnections from varicella zoster virus?
Varicella (chicken pox) zoster (shingles)
55
Varicella zoster virus symptoms
Rash beginning maculopapular and progressing to vesicluar, dew drops on rose pedal rash
56
Varicella zoster virus diagnosis
Viral culture
57
Varicella zoster virus treatment
Acyclovir, valacyclovir
58
Parvovirus B19 causes what disease?
Fifth disease
59
Parvovirus B19 symptoms
rash with erythematous color on cheeks looking slapped
60
Parvovirus B19 is what type of virus?
DNA
61
Epstein barr virus is what type of virus
DNA
62
Epstein barr virus causes...
Infeectious mononucleosis
63
Epstein barr is associated with these cancers...
Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, B cell lymphoma, hodgkin's disease
64
Epstein barr diagnosis
Monospot antibody test
65
Avoid contact sports if diagnosed with mono because....
...might rupture enlarged spleen
66
Cytomegalovirus is what type of virus
DNA virus
67
Cytomegalovirus is the leading cause of ____ in HIV patients
Blindness via retinitis
68
Cytomegalovirus treatment
ganciclover in immunocompromised patients
69
Cytomegalovirus infection occurs in a lot of....
Solid organ transplant patients during 1st 3 months when immunosuppression therapy is strongest
70
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is what type of virus?
DNA virus
71
HPV often appears as...
...warts, sequelae is anal cancer, cervical cancer, vaginal cancers
72
HPV is the most common....
....STI globally
73
Flaviviruses
Zika, dengue, yellow fever and west nile
74
Zika virus is what type
RNA virus
75
Zika vrus diagnosis
Zika IgM antibody
76
Zika virus often causes what in pregnant women's children?
Microcephaly
77
Chikungunya is what ytpe of virus?
RNA virus
78
Chikungunya often causes...
...Breakbone disease, intense joint pains
79
As with all flaviviruses, until dengue has been ruled out, we should avoid...
NSAIDS
80
Dengue virus is what type of virus?
RNA
81
Dengue virus different types
Type 1 (puts at risk for other types) -4
82
Dengue has high risk of...
hemorrhagia
83
Ebola symptoms
Early fever, late bleeding and death

1st Semester Final (45 decks)

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