Contraception Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

with the frog man

1
Q

How many US pregnancies are unintended?

A

Nearly half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Unintended pregnancy is associated with…

A

…low income status and poverty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Contraceptive use has had what impact on abortion rate? When do most abortions occur?

A

Decreased it, early in pregnancy, less than 9 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why are so many women at risk for unintended pregnancy?

A

-Over the course of a year many women have periods where they stop the method they use or do not use it properly (gaps in contraception)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A woman with an unintended pregnancy is…

A

…Just as likely to carry it to term as to have an aboriton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many unintended pregnancies end in abortion?

A

Nearly half, including 1/6 of them being spontaneous abortions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Increased access to contraceptives does not….

A

….increase sexual activity, it remains constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Noncontraceptive funcitons of oral contraceptive pills

A
  • Treating acne
  • endometriosis
  • menstrual pain and regularity
  • PMS/PMDD
  • decreased risk of ovarian cancer including those with BRCA genes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Using no protection at all, within a year, what percent of couples who want to be pregnant will?

A

85%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What meethods of contraception have the highest failure rate

A
  • Spermicides
  • Fertility awareness
  • Withdrawal
  • Condom
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Condoms non contraceptive benefit

A

STI prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Types of combination oral contraceptive pills, when does fertility return on all of them?

A

Monophasic - constant dose
Multiphasic - varying doses
21/7, 24/4, 84/7 - continuous formulations
Fertility returns within days of discontinuation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ethinyl estradiol or mestranol definition and function

A

Exogenous estrogen found in combination OCP’s, funciton to suppress FSH/LH secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Progestin definition and funciton

A

Exogenous progesterone found in combo ocp’s, function to simulate pregnancy by suppressing ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Many side effects of progestin include similar side effects to those of…

A

…pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contraindications for OCP’s

A
  • Those at increased risk for VTE (factor V ligand)
  • patient is in early 50’s
  • Smoker >35
  • Migraines with aura at any age
  • Obesity >35 years old (at risk for DVT)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Common OCP side effects

A
  • Intermenstrual spotting
  • Nausea
  • Breast tenderness
  • Headaches
  • Weight gain
  • Mood changes
  • Decreased libido
18
Q

Patch/ring

A

Applied weekly for 3 weeks, then removed for one free week if desired

19
Q

Progestin only pills

A

A smaller dosage than other OCP’s and thus hav ea higher failure rate, taken consistently without free interval, irregular bleeding is common, often used in breastfeeding women because it has no impact on milk prodction

20
Q

On progestin only pills, ovulation….

A

is NOT consistently suppressed

21
Q

When should a OCP be started?

A

Immediately regardless of timing of menses is preferred method as long as there is no pregnancy

22
Q

There is no evidence that OCP usage causes….

A

…birth defects

23
Q

Hormone free interval birth control

A

21 days of pills, 7 days placebo to begin withdrawal bleeding mimicking the normal menstrual cycle

24
Q

Extended cycle birth control

A

Reduce menstruation periods to only 4 a year opposed to the hormone free interval

25
Fraction of women who rely on pill yet use it inconsistently and miss at least one in a 3 month period
2/5
26
Depo-Provera definniotn and function
Approved contraceptive injection giving immediate protection repeated 11-13 weeks, inhibits follicle development and prevents ovulation
27
Depo-provera extended use contraindication
A long time usage could result in hypoestrogen resulting in osteopenia or other issues, recommended for no more than 2 years, return to fertility can take 12-18 months
28
Depo-provera benefits
Lack of estrogen so no incresaed risk of DVT, no further action required by patient (passive compliance)
29
COCP definition and function
Combined oral contraceptive, attempts to rpevent ovulation and implantation with about 50% effectiveness when taken within 72 hours in emergency
30
Plan B is available....
...OTC
31
Plan B is composed of....
Single 1.5mg levo norgesterel pills
32
Mifepristone 10mg one dose results in...
...early termination of pregnancy
33
LARC characteristics
Long acting reversible contraceptive has to last 3 years or more, require intervention to discontinue, compliance wihtout active attention, have results ocmparable to sterilization
34
Paragard
Copper IUD that acts as a spermicide via its main mechanism
35
Copper IUD also decreases risk of...
...endometrial cancer
36
Don't put in an IUD if there is a known....
...STI causing cervicitis
37
Levonorgestrel
Another type of IUD
38
Skyla
Another smaller type of IUD
39
Nexplanon
A subdermal implant of etonogestrel that lasts for 3 years with rapid return to fertility after removal
40
LARC is particularly beneficial because...
...it promotes passive compliance