Virology Flashcards
General mechanism of interferon in response to viral infection
Dying virus-infected cells release interferon to elicit cytokine responses in neighboring cells
Neighbors shut down protein production, making a hostile environment for viral attachment and infection
Note: activates RNAaseL (induces mRNA degradation) and activation of a protein kinase
Risk of oral poliovirus vaccine
Paralytic poliomyelitis, particularly in immunocompromised pts
Why? It is a live vaccine
Enterovirus D68
What disease does it cause?
Mild respiratory disease, but may need hospitalization in ppl with preexisting respiratory disease
Pleconaril
MOA
Incorporates into virus and alters shape, preventing capsid from binding receptor and infecting a new cell
Rotavirus
MOA of diarrhea
NSP4 toxin causes release of Cl-, leading to diarrhea
Describe the Rotateq vaccine
Pentavalent vaccine
Live attenuated
What should a theoretical rotavirus vaccine be directed against?
VP4 and VP7, which tend to be present on all isoforms
Where does influenza virus bind and egress?
Apical side of respiratory epithelial cells
Where does influenza virus replication occur?
NUCLEUS
Difference between Antigenic Drift and Antigenic Shift
Antigenic Drift = point mutations causing epidemic flu outbreaks
Antigenic shift = RNA segment reassortment; responsible for pandemics
Neuraminidase Inhibitors
MOA
Oseltamivir, Zanamivir
Block NA, thus preventing viral dissemination and release from infected cells
Preventative treatment for RSV
Palivizumab
-given to high risk infants to inhibit RSV entry into cells
-Directed against RSV fusion protein
When do AIDS related symptoms begin appearing?
When CD4 counts drop around 350
Even worse around 200
Pritelivir
MOA
Directed against herpesvirus helicase-primase
Stops DNA replication
