Malabsorption Disorders Flashcards
Disaccharidase deficiency is most commonly seen clinically as…? When might it also occur?
Lactose intolerance
Brush border enzymes may also be decreased after clearing an infection, so diarrhea after clearing an infection is not uncommon
Why might someone on a heavy Medium Chain Triglyceride diet be nutrient deficient?
They are not getting their essential fatty acids!
Excess MCTs may also be metabolized to ketones, causing metabolic acidosis.
How are Medium Chain Triglycerides absorbed differently than other fats?
They are water soluble and pass through unstirre water more easily. No bile salts, lipase, colipase, ileum required for absorption.
What is absorbed in the duodenum?
Calcium
Iron
Majority of medications
What is absorbed in the jejunum?
Fats
Monosaccharides
Proteins
What is absorbed in the ileum?
B12
Bile salt
Where does Celiac disease often have its most prominent effects? What deficiencies may derive from this?
Duodenum
Calcium and Iron deficiencies are common in Celiac patients
Why are jejunal losses well tolerated?
The ileum can adapt to jejunal losses to provide absorption.
(Conversely, the jejunum cannot adapt well to losses of the ileum of IC valve)
What is the ileal break?
When food reaches the ileum, it tells the stomach to stop pushing food out
What may loss of the IC valve lead to?
SIBO (Small intestine bacterial overgrowth)
Colonic bacteria enter the small intestine
What is absorbed in the colon?
Water
Electrolytes
Describe the concept of “colonic salvage”
Colonic bacteria act on carbs and fiber to produce SCFAs. The colon can absorb these and lactate to provide more energy to you, which is useful in short gut syndrome.
What are two tests that generally indicated cholestasis when elevated?
Bilirubin
Alkaline Phosphatase
What do Fecal Elastase and Chemotrypsin tests indicate?
Indicators of pancreatic function
In pancreatic insufficiency, elastase and chemotrypsin may be decreased in the stool
What deficiencies are most common in Celiac Disease?
Calcium
Iron
Folate
Vitamin D
