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MHD > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the general definition of a personality disorder?

A

Pattern of inner experience and behvaior that deviates a lot from the person’s culture

Pervasive, Pernicious, Persistent

Affects 2 or more of the following areas: Cognition, Affectivity, Interpersonal function, Impulse control

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2
Q

What are some DSM5 criteria for personality disorders?

A

Clinically significant impairment in functioning

Enduring (onset at adolescense or early adult)

Not better accounted for by another disorder

Not due to substance or medical condition

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3
Q

What are the Cluster A personality disorders?

A

Paranoid

Schizoid

Schizotypal

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4
Q

What are the Cluster B personality disorders?

A

Antisocial

Borderline

Histrionic

Narcissistic

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5
Q

What are the Cluster C personality disorders?

A

Avoidant

Dependent

Obsessive Compulsive PD

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6
Q

What two things in the patient’s history are highly linked with personality disorders?

A

Abuse (physical, emotional, sexual)

Neglect

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7
Q

Why aren’t PDs often officially diagnosed?

A

You don’t want the diagnosis to follow them in their med record (could harm insurance, etc)

May simply write something like “borderline personality features”

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8
Q

Medical comorbidities with PDs

A

Chronic pain, sequelae of substance use disorders, impulsive/risky behaviors

Compliance issues

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9
Q

What is countertransference?

A

Feelings in the MD that are ignited by the patient’s behavior and disposition

Frustration, anger, inadequacy, rescue fantasies

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10
Q

Paranoid PD

Describe the primary features

A

Pervasive mistrust and suspiciousness

Reluctant to confide in others (worried the info will be used against them)

Read hidden meanings into everything

Angry and defensive

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11
Q

Schizoid PD

Describe the primary features

A

Loners
Emotional and social detachment

Restricted range of emotional expression

Indifferent to praise or criticism

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12
Q

Schizotypal PD

Describe the primary features

A

Eccentric – odd beliefs, magic thinking, metaphorical and overelaborate speech

Loners with social anxiety

Isolated EXCEPT 1st deg relatives

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13
Q

Comorbidities with the Cluster A PDs

A

Depression and anxiety disorders

Substance use

Schizophrenia

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14
Q

Describe the Behavior Pattern of a person with Paranoid PD

A

Expects to be betrayed or exploited

Needs their autonomy

Mistrusting, hostile, low compliance

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15
Q

Describe the Behavior Pattern of a person with Schizoid or Schizotypal PD

A

Stressed by social contact

Tends to withdraw or disconnect, so tough to engage in treatment

Odd beliefs about their symptoms

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16
Q

Antisocial PD

Describe the primary features

A

Disregard for rights of others

Socially irresponsible

Impulse, irritable, aggressive

Lacks empathy and remorse

17
Q

Borderline PD

Describe the primary features

A

Instability– stormy relationships; marked mood changes in a day

Impulsivity– $, sex, eating

Cognition– poor attention, cog flex, processing, planning

Recurrent suicidal behavior and self injury

18
Q

Histrionic PD

Describe the primary features

A

Dramatic and attention seeking

Rapidly shifting, shallow emotions

Provocative, seductive

19
Q

Narcissistic PD

Describe the primary features

A

High sense of self importance

Entitlement, Arrogance

Exploitative interpersonally

Lack empathy

Fragile self esteem

20
Q

Cluster B PDs Comorbidities

A

Depression, anxiety
Substance Use

Eating disorders

Antisocial PD – ADHD

Antisocial and Borderline – dysregulation of 5HT/DA systems

21
Q

Cluster B PDs

Behavior Patterns

A 
Controlling
Acting out
Splitting (all good/all bad)
Self injury
Somatization
22
Q

Avoidant PD

Describe the primary features

A

Socially inhibited

Hypersensitive to criticism

Low self esteem

Socially inadequate

23
Q

Dependent PD

Describe the primary features

A

Tough to make decisions

Cannot express disagreement with others

Urgently seeks new relationship when close relationship ends

Helpless

24
Q

Obsessive Compulsive PD

Describe the primary features

A

Preoccupied with rules, details, order

Perfectionism

High need for control

Overconscientious

Stubborn

25
Q

How do you differentiate between OCPD and OCD?

A

OCD is egodystonic (they do NOT like it)

OCPD is egosyntonic (they feel OK about their personality)

26
Q

How does CBT help patients?

A

Uses cognitive restructuring, behavior modification, psychoeducation, coping skills training

27
Q

What pharmacotherapy may be used for Cluster A disorders?

A

Antipsychotics

28
Q

What pharmacotherapy may be used for Cluster B disorders?

A

Antipsychotics

SSRIs

Mood stabilizers if needed

29
Q

What pharmacotherapy may be used for Cluster C disorders?

A

SSRIs with a long acting anxiolytic

MHD (57 decks)

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