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Virology > Viro Final > Flashcards

Viro Final Flashcards

1
Q

Causative agent of BVDWhat

A

Flavi (pesti)

RNA, E

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2
Q

Transmission of BVD (4)

A

Direct
I:fomites
Transplacental
Veneral

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3
Q

What immune response is triggered by noncpBVD?

A

humoral response

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4
Q

What immune response is triggered by cpBVD?

A

CMI

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5
Q

Where does BVD remain in P.I. males?

A

seminal vesicles & prostate

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6
Q

Outcome of BVD in pregnant cows

A

< 80 d= reabsorption
80-125 d = immunotolerant animal f
> 125 d = weak calf syndrome, cerebellar hypoplasia

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7
Q

What can happen to in P.I. calves w/ Mucosal Dz. (chronic BVD)?

A
  1. 6-18 mo. no CS
  2. superinfection w/ homologous BVD or mutation of noncp–> cp
  3. develop Acute MD
  4. develop Chronic MD
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8
Q

What is the GS for DX of BVD?

A

VI & cell culture followed by IF

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9
Q

Causative agent of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)?

A

BHV-1

DNA, E

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10
Q

Transmission of IBR

A

Direct or transplacental

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11
Q

Site of latency for IBR?

A

trigeminal ganglia

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12
Q

What drugs can reactivate IBR?

A

glucocorticoids

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13
Q

What can be seen on necropsy of aborted IBR fetuses?

A

microscopic necrotic foci only

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14
Q

3 big CS of IBR

A

hyperemic nasal mucosa –> pustular necrotic lesions
fetid breath
abortion late gestation (rare)

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15
Q

Does the attenuated IBR vax prevent dz?

A

NO!!

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16
Q

Causative agent of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)

A

Retro

RNA, E, dip

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17
Q

Transmission of CAE

A

colostrum or milk

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18
Q

Where are the lesions located at necropsy in CAE?

A

white matter of CNS

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19
Q

What can be seen in kids 2-4 mo. infected with CAE?

A

encephalomylitis

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20
Q

How will a goat infected w/ CAE present?

A

afebrile, alert, good appeptite & sight

lameness, wasting, trembling, dull hair coat

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21
Q

How do you protect kids from CAE?

A

no vax

separate kids from doe @ birth give heated colostrum/milk or cow colostrum (reduces by 90%)

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22
Q

Causative agent of scrapie?

A

PRIONS!!!

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23
Q

Where are lesions seen @ necropsy in Scrapie?

A

grey matter of CNS

NO Inflammation/immune response

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24
Q

Onset of Scrapie?

A

insidious (2-5 yrs)

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25
Q

DX Scrapie?

A

IHC w/ anti-PrP(sc) monoclonal Abs

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26
Q

Can goats get Scrapie?

A

yes!!

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27
Q

Causative agent of EIA

A

Retro

RNA, E

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28
Q

Transmission of EIA

A

M: horse fly & stable fly
V: placenta & milk
Iatrogenic

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29
Q

When does EIA transmission peak?

A

summer & fall

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30
Q

3 main pathogenesis of EIA

A

anemia
immunopathy (vasculitis, glomerularnephritis)
thrombocytopenia

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31
Q

C.S of ACUTE EIA

A

severe anemia, jaundice, bloody feces, tachypnea & petechia (80% fatal)

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32
Q

What happens in SUBACUTE EIA?

A

mod fever

recovery = w/ appearance of neutralizing Abs

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33
Q

What happens in RECOVERED EIA patients?

A

perform well

may can get dz. again when stressed

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34
Q

CS of CHRONIC EIA

A

failure to thrive

fever, cachexia, anemia & ventral edema

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35
Q

DX of EIA?

A

Coggin’s Test - survey

PCR - confirm

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36
Q

Causative agent of EVA

A

Arteri

RNA, E

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37
Q

Transmission of EVA.

A

I: aborted fetal fluids
V: placenta
Veneral

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38
Q

What is the incidence of abortion in EVA?

A

Sporadic –> 50% in naive mares –> btwn 5-10 mo. of gestation

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39
Q

C.S. of EVA in foals & yearlings?

A

Severe RT dz

Death - pneumonia & intestinal necrosis

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40
Q

C.S. of EVA in adults

A
  1. conjunctivitis
  2. ocular discharge
  3. Edema- palpebral, limbs, ventral abdomen, scrotum & prepuce
  4. diarrhea
  5. photophobia
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41
Q

GS DX of EVA

A

RT-PCR

from nasalpharyngeal swabs, blood, urine or aborted fetal tissue

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42
Q

What is the morbidity & mortality of EVA.

A

high morbidity

low mortality

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43
Q

DDX of EVA

A

EIA
Equine herpesvirus
Equine Influenza

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44
Q

What is different about Arteriviridiae?

A

like cold

E but STABLE in environment

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45
Q

Causative agent of Equine Encephalitides

A

Toga

RNA, E

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46
Q

Transmission of EEE, WEE, & VEE

A

M- mosquitoes

birds = reservoir & amplify

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47
Q

What is crucial for transmission & CNS invasion of EEE?

A

2nd viremia

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48
Q

DX of EEE, WEE, & VEE?

A

IgM ELISA

RT-PCR from brain tissue post mortem

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49
Q

DDX of Equine Encephalitides?

A

Rabies, EHV-1 & WNV

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50
Q

Causative agent of WNV?

A

Flavi

RNA-E

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51
Q

Transmission of WNV?

A

ARBOVIRUS!!!! (mosquitoes)

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52
Q

Is WNV zoonotic? What’s the reservoir?

A

YES!!

birds

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53
Q

Causative agent of Equine Rhinopneumonitis.

A

EHV-4

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54
Q

Pathogenesis of Equine Rhinopneumonitis (EHV-4) in young horses?

A

Acute RT dz w/ mild-subclinical infections

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55
Q

Pathogenesis of Equine Rhinopneumonitis (EHV-4) in adult horses?

A

Latent carriers have febrile RT dz after stress

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56
Q

2 big CS of Equine Rhinopneumonitis?

A

profuse serous nasal discharge –> mucopurulent (rapid)

2ry bronchopneumonia

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57
Q

What virus can agglutinate RBCs in horses?

A

Adenovirus Pneumonia

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58
Q

Causative agent of Adenovirus Pneumonia?

A

Adeno

DNA, N

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59
Q

When is Adenovirus Pneumonia a problem in horses?

A

Arab SCID foals
If get colostrum = shows up 3-6 mo. later (mAbs)
no colostrum = death soon!

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60
Q

What C.S. will you see in Non SCID foals infected w/ adenovirus pneumonia that did not get enough colostrum?

A

mild RT disease

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61
Q

Causative agent of Equine Influenza?

A

Orthomyxo = Flu A

RNA, E, Seg

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62
Q

Where does Equine Influenza replicate?

A

epithelial cells of URT & LRT

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63
Q

2ry infections common with Equine Influenza?

A

conjuctivitis
bronchopneumonia
chronic pulmonary dz.
guttural pouch infections

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64
Q

C.S. of Equine Influenza?

A

Extremely high fever –> can aborts

Serous nasal discharge –> mucopurulent (longer than EHV-4)

Depression/anorexia for a few d.; recover in 2-3 wk

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65
Q

DX of Equine Influenza?

A

VI using serous nasal mucus (must get early!)

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66
Q

How will the herd look w/ Equine Influenza?

A

many animals sick @ same time

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67
Q

DDX of Equine Influenza?

A

EHV-1 & -4
Equine Adenovirus Pneumonia
Rhinovirus
(only if in beginning & few animals are sick!)

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68
Q

Causative agent of Equine Abortion?

A

EHV-1

DNA, E

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69
Q

Where does Equine Abortion (EHV-1) replicate?

A

in the URT –> get viremia

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70
Q

What can cause CNS signs in Equine Abortion?

A

vasculitis of CNS –> ischemia & hemorrhagic infarcts

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71
Q

Which form of Equine Abortion causes Resp. dz. w/ HIGH mortality?

A

Pulmonary vasculotrophic EHV-1

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72
Q

What are some distinguishing C.S. of Equine Abortion?

A

Urinary incontinence
abortion in last 4 mo. of gestation w/ no CS
(most common cause of late term abortions in equines)

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73
Q

What other Herpes does Equine Abortion resemble?

A

EHV-4 = equine rhinopneumonitis

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74
Q

What are latent EHV-1 infected horses resistant to? What are they not resistant to?

A

resistant to Resp dz.

Can still abort

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75
Q

Causative agent of Equine Coital Exanthema (ECE)?

A

EHV-3

DNA, E

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76
Q

Pathogenesis of ECE?

A

Stays local–> NO VIREMIA = NO SYSTEMIC SIGNS

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77
Q

What happens to stallions infected with ECE?

A

decreases libido

fertility is A OKAY

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78
Q

What is the most sensitive DX for ECE?

A

PCR w/ specific primers

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79
Q

How long should you rest horses w/ flair ups of ECE?

A

10-14 d (no breeding at this time!)

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80
Q

How can I determine if a horse is an ECE carrier?

A

Pigment loss on dark skin of genital region

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81
Q

Causative agent of Vesicular Stomatitis?

A

Rhabdo

RNA, E

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82
Q

Transmission of Ves. Stom,?

A

I: fomites, food, halters
M: arthropod
enters through skin abrasions

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83
Q

Pathogenesis of Ves Stom?

A

local only –> no viremia, no systemic dz

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84
Q

What are some CS of Ves Stom?

A

profuse salivation

vesicles on oral epi & cornary band

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85
Q

DX of Ves Stom?

A

Authorized labs only

VI, cell culture, serology

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86
Q

Why is Ves Stom a notifiable dz. in cattle & swine?

A

b/c DDX of FMD

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87
Q

How good is the immune response to Ves Stom?

A

not great–> short lived Abs–> reinfection happens

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88
Q

Causative agent of CSF?

A

Flavi (pesti)

RNA, E

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89
Q

What happens to babies born to dams infected w/ Pestivirus? (Flaviviridiae)

A

P.I infected animals
Immunotolerant
Life-long shedding

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90
Q

Pathognomonic lesion @ necropsy of CSF?

A

infarction of spleen

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91
Q

Will peracutely infected CSF animals show lesions at necropsy?

A

no

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92
Q

Pathogenesis of subacute or chronic CSF?

A

necrotic ulcerations of mucosa in LG intestine
2ry bacT pneumonia & enteritis
GENERAL EXHAUSTION OF LYMPHIOD SYSTEM!!!

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93
Q

2ry C.S of CSF

A

Paresis, paralysis, convulsion, circling
hyperemia & purpura of ventral abdomen & ears
severe leukopenia

94
Q

What animals may die from CSF w/o C.S?

A

young animals

95
Q

C.S. of pregnant sows w/ CSF

A

SMEDI

if born alive–> runting, progressive dz., death (wks to mos)

96
Q

What strains of CSF cause extended or intermittent clinical dz?

A

moderately virulent strains

97
Q

DX of CSF?

A

NOTIFIABLE
Must confirm w/ IF or Ag ELISA
monoclonal Abs will distinguish from BVD

98
Q

When would you vax for CSF?

A

endemic areas only

99
Q

Causative agent of ASF?

A

Asfa

DNA, E, IN & paracrystaline arrays

100
Q

What is special about the transmission of ASF? (3)

A
  1. M: soft ticks (reservoirs too)
  2. warthogs are reservoirs –> can’t get rid sylvatic cycle
  3. US & Caribbean have this tick –> could potentially harbor dz.
101
Q

Pathogenesis of Acute, Fatal ASF

A

Gross lesions in lymphatics & vascular system
enlarged friable spleen
petechia in kidney cortex

102
Q

Pathogenesis of Chronic ASF?

A

Cutaneous ulcers
Arthritis
Pericarditis
Recovered animals become P.I.

103
Q

Initial C.S of ASF?

A

Severe leukopenia

prostration & death

104
Q

Less common C.S of ASF?

A

Reddening or cyanosis of ears & snot
hemorrhages from nose & anus
may abort

105
Q

DX of ASF?

A

IF or Ag ELISA

NO SEROLOGY

106
Q

Problems w/ ASF vax?

A

virus specific Abs provide no protection
virus interferes w/ immune system
doesn’t grow will in cell culture

107
Q

DDX of ASF?

A

CSF

108
Q

Causative agent of Pseudorabies (Aujesky’s Dz)?

A

herpes

DNA, E, RARE IN inclusion bodies

109
Q

Transmission of Pseudorabies?

A

D: saliva & nasal discharge ONLY
I: bad feed, carcasses & rats
wild pigs in South act as reservoirs

110
Q

Pathogenesis of Pseudorabies?

A 
NO VIREMIA
enters via oral/nose
No gross lesions in CNS
Minute white, necrotic foci in liver & spleen 
Latency = trigeminal ganglia
111
Q

C.S of Pseudorabies in endemic areas?

A

reactivation w/o C.S

112
Q

C.S of Pseudorabies in pregnant sows?

A

50% abortion in naive herds
< 30 d: reabsorbs
> 30: abortion, weak or normal piglets

113
Q

C.S of Pseudorabies in piglets?

A

100% mortality in ones born to naive sows

mAbs will protect & piglets will recover

114
Q

C.S of Pseudorabies in cattle?

A

“Mad itch”, frenzied (CNS) & die rapidly

115
Q

C.S. of Pseudorabies in dogs?

A

acting crazy & itchy but DO NOT ATTACK

116
Q

C.S of Pseudorabies in cats?

A

DEATH no CS

117
Q

C.S of Pseudorabies in weaned to adult pigs?

A

4-8 d course
1st - mild dz
5th d- CNS signs & salivation
6-8 d= moribound & die w/in 12 hours

118
Q

What happens in adult pigs that recover from Pseudorabies?

A

go to the meat market–> they suck at growth

119
Q

GS for DX of Pseudorabies?

A

Ab ELISA

120
Q

What is the best method to prevent Pseudorabies infections?

A

“Farrow to finish” herds & vax in endemic areas

sorry pet piggies - no vax!

121
Q

What is the most economically important dz. of swine in the US?

A

pseudorabies

122
Q

What swine dz are humans refractory for?

A

Pseudorabies

123
Q

What is the causative agent of PMWS?

A

Circo (2)

DNA Naked

124
Q

How is PMWS transmitted?

A

Feces to RT

125
Q

Pathogenesis of PMWS?

A

Virema

mABs protect up to 6-9wks

126
Q

What are the 3 forms of PMWS?

A

Repro failure
Resp. Dz. in finishing pigs
Porcine dermatitis & nephropathy syndrome

127
Q

What Dx can you not do in PMWS?

A

Serology

128
Q

What is the causative agent of swine influenza?

A

Orthomyxo A, H1N1

RNA E Seg (2 variants)

129
Q

Pathogenesis of swine influenza?

A

Sharply demarcated lung lesions w/ hyperemia, consolidation and exudate in airways

130
Q

2 important CS of swine influenza?

A

Bronchial rales at auscultation

case fatality rate under 1%

131
Q

Dx of Swine Influenza?

A

Need Lab to confirm

VI & IF for subtype

132
Q

What are the 2 zoonotic Dz of swine?

A

Swine Influenza & Swine vesicular Dz (O)

133
Q

Causative agent of PRRS?

A

Arteri

RNA E

134
Q

Transmission of PRRS

A

D, I and AI-semen

more frequent in winter months

135
Q

Pathogenesis of PRRS

A

Viremia even w/ ABs

136
Q

CS of PRRS

A 
Resp & SMEDI
Blue ears, snout & vulva
agalactia
late abortion (day 110)
Old swine-->asymptomatic
137
Q

Dx of PRRS

A

VI in moribound live piglets

hard to grow in cell culture

138
Q

Causative agent of swine vesicular Dz

A

Picorna

RNA N

139
Q

Transmission of Swine vesicular Dz

A

abrasions or ingested

shed in feces

140
Q

Pathogenesis of swine vesicular Dz

A

viremia
No persistant infection
recovered pigs are immune to reinfection

141
Q

CS of Swine vesicular Dz

A

Lots of lame pigs at once–>vesicles on feet
10% vesicles in/on mouth
encephalomyeloitis is rare

142
Q

Dx of Swine vesicular Dz

A

Notifiable & Controled- DDX FMD

Must differentiate from other Vesicular Dz’s via Ag ELISA or RT-PCR

143
Q

How is swine vesicular Dz easily transmitted?

A

Infected Meat

144
Q

Causative Agent of Transmissble Gasteroenteritis (TGE)

A

Corona

RNA, E

145
Q

Transmission of TGE

A

fecal/Oral

146
Q

What emerging Dz in the US is in the same family as TGE?

A

Porcine Endemic Diarrhea

147
Q

Pathogenesis of TGE

A

Only affects villi (shortening)

mIgA is best for protection

148
Q

CS of TGE

A

Vomitting and profuse yellow diarrhea–>death w/in 1wk

Few deaths in piglets >3wks

149
Q

Control of TGE

A

giving virulent strains to prego sows

good sanitaiton

150
Q

Mortality of naive neonatal pigs with TGE?

A

100%

151
Q

What is the strange Dz pattern in swine of corona virus

A

Resp. dz

152
Q

Causative agent of Porcine Parvovirus?

A

Parvo

DNA, N

153
Q

Transmission of Porcine Parvo?

A

everything
persistent infection w/ chronic shedding
boars shed virus in semen (AI prob)

154
Q

Where does Porcine Parvo replicate?

A

nucleus of dividing cells (everywhere in young)

155
Q

What determines the C.S> of Porcine Parvo?

A

Gestational stage of sow

156
Q

C.S. of Porcine Parvo?

A

< 30 d = resorption
30-70 d = SMEDI
> 70 d= live piglets w/ lesions, will recover

157
Q

What are the reproductive effects of Porcine Parvo?

A
  1. increased # of gilts/sows returning to estrus 3-8 wks after breeding
  2. “Endocrinologically pregnant” animals
  3. Crappy litters!
  4. Low fertility in boars
158
Q

DX of Porcine Parvo?

A

IF of fetal tissue

NO SEROLOGY

159
Q

Problem w/ vaccinating for Porcine Parvo?

A

small window to immunize gilts before breeding them at 7 mo.
mAbs last 6 mo or longer & can interfere w/ vax

160
Q

Is abortion common in Porcine Parvo?

A

NO –> SMEDI is!

161
Q

Causative agent of Marek’s Dz?

A

Herpes

DNA, E

162
Q

Transmission of Marek’s Dz

A

Inhalation of dander ONLY

163
Q

What is the viremia of Marek’s Dz?

A

Macrophage associated

164
Q

Pathogenesis of Marek’s Dz?

A

Immunosuppression by d. 6 –> affects all lymph organs
T-cells are affected by viral oncogene @ wk 2.
Lesions are from infiltration & proliferation of rogue T-cells

165
Q

Necropsy findings in birds w/ Marek’s Dz.

A

Unilateral enlargement of peripheral nerve trunk

Lymphomatous lesions like Avian Leukosis

166
Q

What are the 4 overlapping syndromes of Marek’s Dz?

A

Classical = Neurolymphomatosis
Acute
Ocular Lymphomatosis
Cutaneous

167
Q

C.S. of Classical Marek’s Dz?

A

Splits & asymetrical paralysis
wing dropping
lowered head

168
Q

C.S. of Acute Marek’s Dz?

A 
most= depression
few= ataxia, paralysis & significant mortality
169
Q

C.S. of Ocular Lymphomatosis?

A

gray iris
irregular pupil
partial or total blindness

170
Q

C.S. of Cutaneous Marek’s?

A

round nodular lesions < 1cm @ feather follicle

see when plucked

171
Q

DX of Marek’s Dz?

A

need pathological & etiological dx!!
Key C.S.
VI w/ buffy coat

172
Q

Control of Marek’s Dz?

A

Vax in ovo

Genetic resistance in some birds

173
Q

9 Key C.S of Marek’s Dz.

A
  1. all birds even those < 16 wks
  2. leg & wing paralysis
  3. occurs > 5% in unvaccinated flocks
  4. nerve enlargement
  5. INTERfollicular tumor in bursa
  6. CNS involvement
  7. lymphoid prolif in skin & follicles
  8. pleomorphic lymphoid cells
  9. T-cell lymphomas
174
Q

Causative agent of Chicken Anemia Virus

A

Circo

DNA, N

175
Q

Transmission of CAV?

A

D & I

vertical only during viremia

176
Q

Pathogenesis of CAV in 3 wk old chicks born to asymptomatic hens?

A 
pale
BM aplasia
Atrophy of thymus, bursa & spleen
SQ intramuscular hemorrhages
mortality = 10-50%
177
Q

DX of CAV

A

CS- pale, low PCV, watery slow clotting blood

178
Q

Control of CAV?

A

Live vax layers

179
Q

Causative agent of Newcastle Dz?

A

Paramyxo

RNA, E

180
Q

Special things about Newcastle?

A

Zoonotic (o)
Notifiable
velogenic strains exotic to US
BEWARE of caged birds!!

181
Q

Transmission of ND?

A

Waterfowl are reservoirs - no dz.
D, I
ONLY lentogenic are vertical (trans ovarain)

182
Q

What are the virulence of the different strains of ND?

A

Lento- low
Meso-mod
Velo- HIGH

183
Q

Pathogenesis of ND

A
  1. viremia
  2. trophism depends on host enzymes for HA & NA
  3. mAbs protect chicks for 4 wks –> IgY (viremia) & IgA (RT & GIT)
184
Q

C.S of ND

A

RT, GIT, CVS, & CNS
not always present together
varies depending on age, immune status, virulence & viral trophism

185
Q

DX of ND

A

State labs confirm –> VI followed by HA, HI & IF of trachea samples
Serology ONLY in unvax flocks

186
Q

Control of ND

A

Vax of lentogenic strains in water

vax layers every 4 mo.

187
Q

Causative agent of Infectious Bursal Dz (IBD)?

A

Birna

RNA, N, bi seg

188
Q

Transmission of IBD

A

fecal/oral

fomites

189
Q

Pathogenesis of IBD in chicks < 3 wks?

A

subclinical b/c bursa not developed & mAbs

190
Q

Pathogenesis of IBD in chicks 3-6 wks?

A

most affected –> CLINICAL DZ
bursa is most active
Virus attacks all IgM B-cells

191
Q

What are the main issues of IBD infected chickens?

A

ineffective other vax
immunosuppression
kidney failure
enlarged kidneys–> urates

192
Q

C.S of Acute IBD in birds?

A

prostration
dehydration
due to necrotizing effects

193
Q

C.S. of Subclinical IBD chicks (< 3wks)?

A

Immunosuppression
Bursal atrophy w/ fibrotic or cystic follicles–> lympocytopenia
birds < 6 wks get 2ry infections & die

194
Q

Pathogenesis of IBD in chicks > 8 wks?

A

NONE

195
Q

Necropsy of Bursa in birds w/ IBD

A
  1. Acute - enlarged, edematous bursa
  2. 5 d- hemorrhagic, normal size bursa
  3. 8 d post infection- atrophy up to 1/8 size of bursa, now immunosuppressed
196
Q

DX of IBD

A

mostly HX, CS & necropsy

serology only unvax flocks or vax response

197
Q

Control of IBD

A

Layers: get live oral vax @ 18 wks
sickly chicks: attenuated vax @ 1-2 wks
Constant vax adaptation necessary

198
Q

What is the morbidity & mortality of IBD?

A

100% morbidity

Mortality: 20-90% varies

199
Q

Causative agent of Avian Leukosis?

A

Retro

RNA, E

200
Q

Transmission of AL?

A

D: saliva & feces ONLY w/ long, close contact
Vertical: Congenital
infected meconium @ hatching

201
Q

What happens in congenitally AL infected chicks?

A 
get whole virus 
chronic viremia
immunotolerant chicks
persistent shedders
leukemia common
202
Q

What happens in genetically transmitted AL?

A

chicks only get pro-virus (sperm can’t support)
latent chicks
No viremia
No leukemia

203
Q

3 different pathogenesis of avian leukosis?

A
  1. replication comp= lymphoid leukosis, osteopetrosis, renal tumors
  2. replication defective = decreased erythrocytes, myeloblasts, myelocytes; tumors
  3. Rous sarcoma
204
Q

C.S. of Avian Leukosis

A

No CNS –> differentiates from Marek’s
Immunosuppression
GI signs
Lesions: liver, kidney, spleen & bursa

205
Q

DX of Avian Leukosis?

A

HX/CS

serology

206
Q

Control of Avian Leukosis?

A

breed for genetically resistant flocks

207
Q

DDX of Avian Leukosis?

A

Marek’s Dz

208
Q

What age group of birds is Avian leukosis sporadic in?

A

> 14 wks

209
Q

Causative agent of Avian Influenza?

A

Orthomyxo A

RNA, E, Seg

210
Q

Transmission of Avian Influenza?

A

Direct contact
POO- high conc.
Waterfowl major reservoir

211
Q

Pathogenesis of Avian Influenza?

A

Viral HA determines virulence (host enzymes play a role)

Viremia

212
Q

What is the most virulent form of Avian Influenza?

A

FOWL PLAGUE–> sudden death

213
Q

C.S in older birds w/ Avian Influenza?

A

Cessation of egg laying
edema of face & neck
cyanosis of comb & wattle

214
Q

DX of Avian Influenza?

A

Requires lab–> isolate & determine virulence
RT-PCR
Serology retrospective
ZOONOTIC

215
Q

What is cool about Avian Influenza?

A

survives long time in H2O & @ low temp

216
Q

Causative agent of Avian Infectious Bronchitis (AIB)?

A

Corona

RNA, E

217
Q

Transmission of AIB?

A

D: poo on food
I: fomites in cold
P.I chicks

218
Q

Pathogenesis of AIB?

A

yellow casts block bronchi in young chicks –> death
ova can rupture–> free yolk in abdomen of layers
Induces IgM, IgY & IgA

219
Q

C.S. of 1-4 wk old chicks w/ AIB?

A

cough, rales, snot, dyspnea,

only lasts 5-7 d –> recover

220
Q

C.S of AIB in broilers?

A

high mortality due to 2ry infections

221
Q

C.S. of AIB in layers?

A

stops laying eggs
FUNKY EGGS!!! once resumes
pasting–> EWWWWWWW

222
Q

DX of AIB?

A

direct IF tracheal smears early
RT-PCR
serology types

223
Q

Control of AIB

A

vax doesn’t prevent dz

vax breaks are common

224
Q

Causative agent of Avian Reovirus?

A

Reo

RNA, N, seg

225
Q

Transmission of Avian Reo?

A

fecal oral

226
Q

Morbidity & mortality of Avian Reo?

A

High morbidity

low mortality

227
Q

C.S. of Avain Reo?

A

inappearent to fatal

  1. Arthritis
  2. myocarditis
  3. hepatitis
  4. Chronic resp
  5. malabsorption–> looks like shit
228
Q

DX of Avian Reo?

A

IF

VN

229
Q

Control of Avian Reo?

A

Stay clean Yo

test & quarantine new birds

230
Q

Causative agent of Fowlpox?

A

Pox

DNA, E

231
Q

DDX of Diptheric Fowlpox

A

Vit A deficiency

other respiratory dzs.

Virology (10 decks)

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