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Virology > Feline viruses > Flashcards

Feline viruses Flashcards

0
Q

What are characteristics of the retrovirdae viruses?

A

SS RNA, enveloped, have provirus state

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1
Q

What are the 3 feline retroviruses?

A

FIV, Feline Leukemia, Feline Sarcoa

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2
Q

How is FIV transmitted?

A

bites, milk from mother

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3
Q

What are the 3 stages of FIV clinical symptoms?

A
  1. Lymphadenopathy, fever
  2. Long subclinical
  3. progressive deterioation of health
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4
Q

What are the common clinical signs of the last stage of FIV?

A

persistant fever, weight loss, gingivitis and stomatitis, loss of appetite, recurrent infections, behavior changes, neurological disorders

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5
Q

How is FIV detected?

A

antibody by ELISA 8 to 12 weeks after infection- false positives
PCR - detecting PROVIRUS

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6
Q

What are the 3 ways FeLV can cause disease?

A
  1. Oncogenesis
  2. Anemia/BM
  3. Immunopathology
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7
Q

How can the FeLV virus be detected?

A

PCR or hybridization even before it multiplies and releases

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8
Q

Where are unclassified lymphsarcomas found in FeLV?

A

skin, eyes, CNS

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9
Q

What are examples of immunopathological disease in FeLV?

A

uveitis, glomerulonephritis, lymphoid cells depletion, ADCC

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10
Q

Which antigen is presented after FeLV transforms a host cell?

A

FOCMA - good for neutralizing antibody

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11
Q

Which antigen of FeLV causes immune complex disease?

A

p27

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12
Q

What characterizes a persistent active infection of FeLV?

A

lack of neutralizing Ab, constant shedding, lasts until death

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13
Q

What characterizes a self-limiting infection of FelV?

A

becomes latent but not eliminated

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14
Q

What is the hardy test?

A

immunofloursecence - detects p27 of FeLV

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15
Q

How many tests for cat to have FeLV?

A

2 positive tests in 12 weeks

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16
Q

How are latent infections of FeLV detected?

A

bone marrow culture and cell reactivation

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17
Q

How might early transient FeLV show on tests?

A

positive to ELISA, negative by indirect IFA

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18
Q

What is the most important way of transmission of FeLV?

A

saliva

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19
Q

Is there a vaccine for FeLV?

A

yes, not 100% effective

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20
Q

What are the clinical signs of feline sarcoma virus in kittens rarely?

A

fibrosarcoma, multifocal, metastic

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21
Q

What virus does feline sarcoma virus need to replicate?

A

FeLV

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22
Q

What family is feline infectious peritonitis?

A

coronaviridae

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of FIP?

A

RNA, enveloped

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24
Q

Which virus does FIP mutate from and where?

A

FIP mutates from feline enteric coronavirus WITHIN THE HOST

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25
Q

What do antibodies to FIP mean?

A

not necessarily FIP will develop

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26
Q

What do both forms of FIP show clinically?

A

hyperglobulinemia

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27
Q

What are some of the other symptoms of FIP?

A

jaundice, diarrhea

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28
Q

What are symptoms exclusive of the non-effusive form of FIP?

A

anterior uveitis or neurological signs

29
Q

What cells does FeCOV multiply in?

FIP?

A

FeCOV - enterocytes

FIP - macrophages

30
Q

What causes the vascular damage and leakage of fluid in FIP?

A

immune complexes and complement activation

31
Q

Is humoral immunity protective in FIP?

A

NO, may be detrimental

32
Q

What is the gross appearance of FIP?

A

multiple grayish noodules in abdomen, lungs

33
Q

What are the microscopic appearances of FIP?

A

acute immune mediated perivascular necrosis that progresses to chronic pyogranulomatous lesion

34
Q

What is characteristic of FIP fluid?

A

high protein, low cellularity, no bacteria

35
Q

What happens because of the complement depletion in chronic FIP?

A

immunosuppression

36
Q

How is FIP diagnosed?

A

no definitive test, combo of CS, PE, fluid

37
Q

What does the rivalta test for and which one would lead to FIP suspicion?

A

differentiates between transudates and exudates

if exudate –> maybe FIP

38
Q

What is characteristic of FIP fluid?

A

pyogranulomatous exudate

39
Q

What can antibody ELISA help with in FIP?

A

shows coronavirus antibodies - if negative, less chance for FIP

40
Q

What are the characteristics of feline panleukopenia virus?

A

parvoviridae

DNA, naked

41
Q

Where does feline panleukopenia virus replicate?

A

dividing cells, intranuclear inclusion bodies

42
Q

What kind of environment can feline panelukopenia resist?

A

60 C for 1 hr and pH 3 to 9

43
Q

What kind of disease does feline panleukopenia cause?

A

hypoplasia, enteritis, panleukopenia

44
Q

What is another old name for feline panleukopenia virus?

A

feline distemper

45
Q

What happens during neonatal panleukopenia disease?

all ages?

A

neonatal - selective cerebellar destruction

All ages - leukopenia and enteritis

46
Q

What happens if kittens are infected in the last 2 weeks of pregnancy or the first 2 weeks of life?

A

permanently ataxic

47
Q

What are the diagnostics of feline panleukopenia?

A

panleukopenia
antigen capture ELISA in clinic - urgency
immunofluoresence

48
Q

How is feline panleukopenia virus transmitted?

A

direct contact or via fomites (fleas and humans - mechanical)

49
Q

How long do recovered cats from feline panleukopenia shed the virus?

A

several months (different from canine parvo)

50
Q

What are the vaccines available for feline panleukopenia virus?

A

attenuated

inactivated - pregnant or kittens

51
Q

How can feline panleukopenia virus be disinfected?

A

1:32 dilution of sodium hypochlorite

52
Q

Feline herpes causes what disease?

A

rhinotracheatis

53
Q

What are the characteristics of feline herpes?

A

DNA, enveloped, intranuclear inclusion bodies

54
Q

What are the clinical signs of feline herpes?

A

respiratory signs, ulcers in mouth, keratitis

55
Q

What age of cats only have mild or subclinical infection of herpes?

A

greater than 6 months

56
Q

What my happen in herpes infections in susceptible kittens?

A

bronchopneumonia - fatal

57
Q

What is a good diagnosis of herpes virus in cats?

A

responds to L-lysine treatment

58
Q

Is there a vaccine for feline herpes?

A

yes, does not protect but lessens disease

59
Q

What are the characteristics of the calicivirus (feline)?

A

RNA, naked

60
Q

How is feline calicivirus transmitted?

A

aerosol and fomites

61
Q

What are the clinical signs of feline calicivirus?

A

conjuctivitis, respiratory, ulcers more extensive than herpes, NO corneal ulcers

62
Q

What is the mortalitiy in young kittens with feline calicivirus?

A

30% because of pulmonary eddema and interstital pneuomonia

63
Q

How can you differentiated between calicivirus and herpes virus?

A

herpes - enveloped, lipiid solvent test
herpes - intranuclear inclusion bodies
herpes - responds to L-lysine

65
Q

How do cats shed calicivirus?

A

continually from oropharynx

66
Q

What 2 cat viruses do not have vaccines?

A

FIV and rotavirus

67
Q

What are the 4 feline systemic viruses?

A

FIV
FeLV
FIP
Feline panleukopenia - (also repro and neonatal)

68
Q

What are the 2 feline respiratory viruses?

A

Feline calicivirus

feline rhinotracheitis

69
Q

What are the 3 naked feline viruses?

A

Panleukopenia (parvo)
Calicivirus
Rotavirus

70
Q

What are the 2 feline DNA viruses?

A

panleukopenia (parvo)

herpes (rhinotracheaitis)

Virology (10 decks)

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