viral structure, RNA vs DNA, envelope?, pathogenesis, type of infection Flashcards
orthomyoxyvirus
INFLUENZA
RNA virus
-ss, 8 segment genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = droplets and aerosol (undergoes antigenic shift/drift)
respiratory tract infection
paramyxovirus
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) + measles, mumple, parainfluenza
RNA virus
-ss, linear genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = droplets (can be serious for infants)
respiratory tract infection
Reovirus
ROTAVIRUS
RNA virus
ds, 11 segment genome
non-enveloped
pathogenesis = fecal-oral (can be serious for infants)
gastroenteritis
Togavirus
RUBELLA
RNA virus
+ss, linear genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = droplets or vertical
teratogenic
rubella, congenital rubella syndrome
Flavivirus
WEST NILE VIRUS
RNA virus
+ss, linear genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = mosquitos (most infections are subclinical)
west nile fever, CNS infections
Rhabdovirus
RABIES
RNA virus
-ss, linear genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = animal bite (saliva)
invariably fatal without post-exposure prophylaxis
encephalitis
Picomavirus
ENTEROVIRUS
RNA virus
+ss, linear genome
non-enveloped
pathogenesis = droplets or fecal-oral (diverse family of viruses causing wide range of diseases)
respiratory infection; hand, foot and mouth disease; conunctivitis; CNS infections; myocarditis
Calicivirus
NOROVIRUS
RNA virus
+ss, linear genome
non-enveloped
pathogenesis = fecal-oral, food, water or aerosolization (seasonal epidemics)
gastroenteritis
Adenovirus
ADENOVIRUS
DNA virus
ds, linear genome
non-enveloped
pathogenesis = respiratory droplets or fecal-oral (wide # types associated with different diseases)
respiratory tract infections, gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis
Papillomavirus
HPV
DNA virus
ds, circular genome
non-enveloped
pathogenesis = contact transmission (persistent, high risk HPV infections can lead to cancer)
warts, various cancers
Herpes Virus
HSV-1
DNA virus
ds, linear genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = contact or vertical transmission (becomes latent inside neurons; periodic reactivation can occur in some people)
infection of skin and mucosa, eyes, CNS
Hepadnavirus
HEPATITIS B
DNA virus
ds/ss, circular genome
enveloped
pathogenesis = exposure to body fluids or vertical transmission
infects hepatocytes, requires reverse transcriptase for replication
hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
viruses with a human respiratory reservoir
influenza
parainfluenza
rhinovirus
coronavirus
viruses with a human mucosal reservoir
oral: HSV, epstein barr, CMV
genital: HIV, Hep B/C, HPV, HSV
viruses that have a fecal-oral environmental source
Hep A
rotavirus
norovirus
