Viral Hepatitis Flashcards
What forms of viral hepatitis are enteric?
HAV
HEV
Cause acute infections
What forms of viral hepatitis are parenteral?
HBV
HCV
HDV
Cause chronic disease
What kind of virus is each form of hepatitis?
A- RNA
B- DNA
C- RNA
D- Incomplete RNA
E- RNA
How does Hepatitis A spread?
Faecal- oral
Shellfish
What groups receive the HAV vaccine?
- Travellers
- CLD patients
- Haemophiliacs
- Occupational exposure- la workers
- Men who have sex with men (MSM)
How does Hepatitis B spread?
Blood
IV drug users
Sexual
Direct contact
What are the types of HBV antigens?
HBsAg (surface antigen): presence of virus
HBeAg (e antigen): active replication
HBcAg (core antigen): active replication
HBV DNA: active replication
What are the types of HBV antibodies?
HBc IgM: acute
HBc IgG: chronic
Anti HBe: inactive virus
What does the following indicate?
HBsAG +ve
Anti HBs -ve
Anti HBc IgG +ve
Chronic infection
What does the following indicate?
HBsAG -ve
Anti HBs +ve
Anti HBc IgG +ve
Past infection
What does the following indicate?
HBsAG +ve
Anti HBs -ve
Anti HBc IgM +ve
Acute infection
What does the following indicate?
HBsAg -ve
Anti HBs -ve
Anti HBc -ve
No previous exposure to HBV or vaccine
What does the following indicate?
HBsAg -ve
Anti HBs +ve
Anti HBc -ve
Hep B vaccination
What does HBc IgM indicate?
Acute infection
What does HBc IgG indicate?
Chronic infection
What is the aim of HBV treatment?
To clear HBsAg and prevent cirrhosis and HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma)
How is Hepatitis C spread?
Blood transfusion
IV drug users
Sexual content
What is the pathology of HCV?
Early infection is often mild/asymptomatic
85% develops silent chronic infection
25% develop cirrhosis
4% develop HCC
What is HDV?
Parasite of HBV- needs HBV for its assembly
Co-infection or super infection with HBV
5% of HBV carriers have HDV co-infection
What is the treatment for HEV?
No specific treatment
What are the other infective causes of hepatitis?
Hepatitis F
Hepatitis G
EBV
CMV
Herpes simplex
Malaria
Syphilis
Yellow fever
