Autoimmune Liver Disease Flashcards
What are the 3 types of autoimmune liver disease?
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
What is autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)?
An inflammatory disease characterised by abnormal T cell function and autoantibodies directed against hepatocyte surface antigens
How is AIH classified?
By autoantibodies:
Anti smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA)
Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Anti-liver/kidney microsomal type 1 antibodies (LKM1)
What antibody is elevated in AIH?
IgG
Is AIH female or male predominant?
Female
What is Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
Interlobular bile ducts are damaged by chronic autoimmune granulomatous inflammation causing cholestasis which may lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
What is cholestasis?
A condition which impairs the flow of bile from the liver to the small intestine
Is PBC male or female predominant?
Female
What antibody is elevated in PBC?
IgM
What is the hallmark of PBC?
Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA)
What are the symptoms of PBC?
Pruritis
Fatigue
Lethargy
What are the signs of PBC?
Jaundice
Skin pigmentation
Xanthelasma
Xanthomata
Hepatosplenomegaly
What is Primary Sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)?
Progressive cholestasis with bile duct inflammation and strictures
Is PSC male or female predominant?
Male
Which bile ducts are involved in PSC?
Intra and extrahepatic bile ducts
