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Random First Aid Sections > Viral Facts > Flashcards

Viral Facts Flashcards

1
Q

What general principle causes influenza pandemics?

A

Reassortment - genetic shift

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2
Q

Phenotypic mixing

A

Two viruses infecting one cell - Virus A takes coat B and can infect new cells - not genetically coded for

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3
Q

What are the DNA viruses?

A

HHAPPPPy

Hepadna, Herpes, Adeno, Pox, Parvo, Papilloma, Polyoma

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4
Q

Which of the DNA viruses is single stranded?

A

Parvovirus

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5
Q

Which of the DNA viruses is icosahedral?

A

All but Pox - complex

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6
Q

Which of the DNA viruses replicates in the nucleus?

A

All but Pox - brings its own DNA-dep RNA Pol

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7
Q

Which DNA viruses are linear?

A

All but
Papilloma & Polyoma - circular, supercoiled
Hepadna - circular incomplete, has RT

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8
Q

What are the RNA viruses

A 
I went to a retro toga party, where I drank flavored Corona and ate hippy California pickles
Retro
Toga
Flavi
Corona
Hepe
Calici
Picorna
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9
Q

Which of the RNA viruses is single stranded?

A

All but reovirus

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10
Q

Where does herpesvirus get its envelope from?

A

Nuclear membrane

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11
Q

What are the naked viruses

A

PAPP: Papilloma, Adeno, Parvo, Polyoma
CPRH: Calici, Picorna, Reo, Hepe

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12
Q

Hepadnavirus

A

HBV - has a RT

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13
Q

Sore throat, pneumonia, conjunctivits, acute hemorrhagic cystitis in campers/military recruits

A

Adenovirus

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14
Q

Parvovirus

A

B19 - aplastic crisis - fifth disease - slapped cheek rash

Fetus - hydrops fetalis and death

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15
Q

JC virus (Polyoma)

A

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy - HIV

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16
Q

BK virus (Polyoma)

A

Kidney - transplant patients

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17
Q

Temporal lobe encephalitis

A

HSV-1

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18
Q

What 3 disease is EBV associated with?

A

Hodgkin lymphoma
African/Endemic Burkitt lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal CA

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19
Q

Transplant Pneumonia

AIDs Retinitis

A

CMV!!

Latent in mononuclear cells

20
Q

High fevers that can cause seizures followed by diffuse macular rash

A

HHV-6 (Roseola)

21
Q

Owl eye inclusions

A

CMV

22
Q

Tsank test to detect multi-nucleated giant cells indicates what?

A

HSV + intranuclear Cowdry A inclusions

23
Q

1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children

A

Rotavirus - Reovirus

24
Q

Polio, Echovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsackie, HAV

A

Picornaviruses - aseptic meningitis

25
Q

Norovirus

A

Calicivirus - viral gastroenteritis

26
Q

HCV, yellow fever, dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile

A

Flavivirus

27
Q

Rubella

A

Togavirus

28
Q

Retroviruses

A

HIV and HTLV (T-cell leukemia)

29
Q

Coronavirus

A

Common cold

SARS

30
Q

Orthomyxovirus

A

-segmented ssRNA

Influenza

31
Q

Paramyxovirus

A

-non segmented ssRNA
Croup - parainfluenza
RSV - bronchiolitis
Measles, Mumps

32
Q

Aedes mosquito

A

Yellow fever: high fever, black vomitus, and jaundice
Monkey/human reservoir
Flavivirus

33
Q

Rotavirus

A

Reovirus - dsRNA
Winter, daycare, kindergartens
Villous destruction w/ atrophy - decreased absorption of Na and loss of K

34
Q

A humoral reponse with antibodies against ___________ of influenza virus is considered protective.

A

Hemagglutinin (entry)

35
Q

All paramyxoviruses contain _________, and causes respiratory epithelial cells to fuse and form ____________________.

A

F-protein

Multi-nucleated cells

36
Q

What prevents pneumonia caused by RSV in premature infants?

A

Palivizumab (anti-F protein)

37
Q

What are the sequelae of Measles (rubeola)?

A

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis - cerebellar/optic probs
Encephalitis
Giant cell pneumonia

38
Q

What do you give malnourished children with measles to prevent severe exfoliative dermatitis?

A

Vitamin A

39
Q

Parotitis, orchitis, and aseptic meningitis

A

Mumps

40
Q

Bullet shaped virus with Negri bodies in Purkinje cells of cerebellum and in hippocampal neurons.

A

Rabies virus - travels to CNS via retrograde transit up axons

41
Q

How do you treat rabies

A

Wound cleansing, vaccination and rabies immune globulin

42
Q

Which of the hepatitis viruses is a DNA virus?

A

HBV

43
Q

Which hepatitis virus has a high mortality in pregnant women?

A

HEV - waterborne epidemics - fulminant hepatitis

44
Q

HIV gag

A

p24 capsid

45
Q

HIV pol - mt results in what?

A

TR, aspartate protease, integrase

Drug resistance

46
Q

HIV env mt?

A

Escape from host antibodies

47
Q

Esophagitis in AIDS

A

Candida - patches of grey/white pseudomembranes
HSV1 - punched out ulcers
CMV - linear ucleration

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