Anti-virals Flashcards
Maraviroc
Blocks HIV attachment - binds CCR5 - blocks interaction with gp120
Enfuvirtide
Blocks HIV fusion/penetration - binds gp41
Raltegravir
HIV integrase inhibitor (reversible) - host won’t read viral mRNA
Hypercholesterolemia
Atazanavir, darunavir, indinavir etc.
Inhibit HIV-1 Protease
Can’t cleave polypeptide products/mature new viruses
Ritonavir
HIV Protease inhibitor - inhibits CYP450 - boosts other drug concentrations
What are the side effects of the protease inhibitors (-navirs)
Hyperglycemia, N/D, lipodystrophy, nephropathy, hematuria (indinavir)
Abacavir, Zidovudine, Lamivudine, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir
NRTI - competitively inhibit Reverse Transcriptase - terminate DNA chain
- *Must be phosphorylated to be active**
- *all nucleosides except tenofovir**
Efavirenz, nevirapine, delavirdine
Binds HIV RT at different side - don’t need to be phos’d to be active
What are side effects of NRTIs?
BM suppression Peripheral neuropathy Lactic acidosis - nucleosides Rash - tenofovir Anemia Pancreatitis
What are the side effects of the NNRTIs
Rash and hepatotoxicity
CNS symptoms/vivid dreams - efavirenz
Delaviridine & Efavirenz CI in pregnancy
Zanamivir and Oseltamivir
Neuraminidase Inhibitors - Influenza A and B
Block release of progeny virus
Amantadine and Rimantadine
Blocked uncoating - no longer useful for influenza due to resistance
Interferon-α
Blocks protein synthesis in HBV and HCV
Ribavirin
Blocks guanine NT synthesis - RSV and HCV
Won’t duplicate viral genetic material
Hemolytic anemia
Foscarnet
Viral DNA Polymerase inhibitors (pyrophosphate binding site)
CMV retinitis in IC when ganciclovir fails
Nephrotoxicity
