Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Random First Aid Sections > Epilepsy drugs > Flashcards

Epilepsy drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Ethosuximide - mech and indication

A

1st line: Absence seizures

Blocks T-type Ca channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ethosuximide - Side Effects

A

EFGHIJ

Fatigue, GI, Headache, Itching, Stevens-Johnson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do you use for elcampsia seizures?

A

1st: magnesium
2nd: benzos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Phenytoin - mechanism and indiction

A

Inc. Na channel inactivation

All but absence seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Side effects of phenytoin

A 
Gingival Hyperplasia 
Nystagmus
Megaloblastic anemia
Induces CYP450s
Stevens-Johnson
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carbamazepine - mechanisms and indication

A

Inc. Na channel inactivation

All but absence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do you treat trigeminal neuralgia with?

A

Carbamazepine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Side Effects of Carbamazepine

A

Blood dyscrasias, Hepatotoxicity,
Induce CYP450
SIADH
Stevens-Johnson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Valproic Acid

A

Inc. Na channel inactivation

All seizures, bipolar disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Side effects of valproic acid

A

GI distress, weight gain
Hepatotox - measure LFTs
Neural tube defects in fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Blocks voltage gated Na channels - all seizure types

Stevens Johnson syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stevens Johnson Syndrome

A

Malaise and fever followed by
Rapid onset of erythematous/purpuric macules
Epidermal skin necrosis and sloughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Valproic acid inhibits __________ absorption

A

folic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Barbiturates

A

Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital

Thiopental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When are the barbiturates contraindicated?

A

Porphyria

*CYP Inducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the short acting benzos?

A

Midazolam
Oxazepam
Lorazepam
Triazolam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the long acting benzos

A

Chlordiazepoxide

Diazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you treat a benzo overdose?

A

Flumazenil

19
Q

What are benzos used for?

A 
Anxiety
Spasticity
Status epilepticus
DT (detox)
Night terrors, sleep walking
General anesthetic
Hypnotic
20
Q

What are the non-benzo hynpotics

A

Zolpidem, Zaleplon, EsZopiclone

21
Q

Flumazenil will reverse what?

A

Benzos and non-benzo hypnotics

22
Q

Massive centrilobar necrosis seen 2 days - 4 weeks post surgery is indicative of what?

A

Hepatotoxicity from halothane

23
Q

What drugs can cause Malignant Hyperthermia? How do you treat it?

A

Inhaled anesthetics (not nitrous)
Succinylcholine
Dantrolene

24
Q

Thiopental

A

Barbiturate - induction of anesthesia (IV)

25
Q

Midazolam

A

Benzo - endoscopy (IV)

26
Q

Ketamine

A

PCP analog - blocks NMDA receptors
Dissociative anesthetic
CV stimulant

27
Q

Propofol

A

Sedation in ICU - potentiates GABA

28
Q

What is the order of loss of sensation with local anesthetic

A

Pain, temperature, touch, pressure

29
Q

Amide Local anesthetics

A

Lidocaine, Mepivicaine, Bupivicaine (2 Is)

30
Q

Ester local anesthetics

A

Procaine, cocaine, tetracaine

31
Q

How do local anesthetics work?

A

Block Na channels - rapidly firing neurons - bind activated Na channels

32
Q

What is the order of the nerve blockade?

A

Small myelinated
Small unmyelinated
Large myelinated
Large unmyelinated

33
Q

What are complictions of succinylcholine?

A

HyperCa
HyperK
Malignant Hyperthermia

34
Q

What is the only depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug?

A

Succinylcholine
Phase I: prolong depol - no antidote
Phase II: repolarized but blocked - cholinesterase inhibitors

35
Q

Tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, “curonium”

A

Competitive antagonists for ACh receptors

Reverse with Neostigmine + Atropine

36
Q

Dantrolene

A

Blocks release of Ca from SR of skeletal muscle
Malignant Hyperthermia
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

37
Q

Selegiline

A

MAO-B inhibitor - metabolizes dopamine - ↑availability of dopamine
Parkinson’s - may enhance adverse effects of L-dopa

38
Q

Carbidopa

A

Inhibits DOPA decarboxylase peripherally

39
Q

Bromocriptine

A

Dopamine agonist - ergot

40
Q

Pramipexole, ropinirole

A

Dopaine agonist - non-ergot

*preferred

41
Q

Memantine

A

NMDA receptor antagonist - prevents excitotoxicity - Alzheimers

42
Q

Tetrabenazine and reserpine

A

Inhibit VMAT - limit dopamine vesicle packaging and release

Huntington

43
Q

Haloperidol

A

Dopamine R antagonist - Huntington

44
Q

Sumatriptan

A

Serotonin IB/ID agonist - inhibits trigeminal nerve activation
Vasoconstriction
Acute migraine and Cluster headaches

Random First Aid Sections (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions