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Random First Aid Sections > Psych Drugs > Flashcards

Psych Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Haloperidol, trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, thioridazine, chlorpromazine

A

Antipsychotics - Neuroleptics

Block D2 receptors - ↑cAMP

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2
Q

What are the antipsychotics used for?

A

Schizophrenia - + symptoms
Psychosis
Acute mania
Tourette

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3
Q

What are the high potency antipsychotics

A

Trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol

EPS symptoms

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4
Q

What are the low potency antipsychotics

A

Chlorpromazine, thioridazine

Antichol, antihistamine, α1-blockade

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5
Q

What is the evolution of EPS symptoms

A

4 hr: Acute dystonia (spasm)
4 day: Akathesia (restlessness)
4 week: Bradykinesia (Parkinonism)
4 month: Tardive dyskinesia (oral/facial movements)

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6
Q

How do you treat the EPS symptoms from antipsychotics?

A

Benztropine

Diphenhydramine

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7
Q

What is a unique side effect of chlorpromazine?

A

Corneal deposit

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8
Q

What is a unique side effect of Thioridazine?

A

Retinal deposits

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9
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A 
Fever
Encephalopathy
Vitals unstable - autonomic instability
Enzymes ↑
Rigidity

→Dantrolene, D2 agonist (Bromocriptine)

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10
Q

What are the atypical antipsychotics?

A

Olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripirazole, ziprasidone

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of the atypical antipsychotics

A

Varied effects on 5-HT, dopamine, α, H1 receptors

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12
Q

When are atypical antipsychotics indicated?

A 
Schizophrenia: Neg and Pos symptoms
Bipolar
OCD
Anxiety
Depression
Mania 
Tourette
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13
Q

What are the side effects of Clozapine?

A

Agranulocytosis - weekly WBC monitoring

Seizure

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14
Q

Which two atypical antipsychotics cause weight gain?

A

Olanzapine

Clozaine

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15
Q

What are the side effects of Risperidone

A

↑Prolactin -

gynecomastia, ↓GnRH, fertility/menstruation problems

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16
Q

What are the side effects of Ziprasidone

A

Prolong the QT

17
Q

When is Lithium indicated?

A

Bipolar
Blocks relapse of manic events
SIADH

18
Q

What are the side effects of Lithium?

A 
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Tremor, sedation
Heart block 
Hypothyroidism
Fetal: Ebstein anomaly, malformation of the great vessels
**Inc. by Loop/thiazide diuretics**
19
Q

Buspirone

A

Stimulates 5-HT 1A receptors
Generalized anxiety
Takes 1-2 weeks to work
No interaction with Alcohol

20
Q

SSRI

A

Fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram

“flashbacks paralyze senior citizens”

21
Q

What are SSRIs indicated for?

A

Depression, GAD, panic disorder, OCD

Bulimia, social phobias, PTSD

22
Q

What are the side effects of SSRIs

A

GI distress, sexual dysfunction
Serotonin Syndrome w/ any drug that ↑5-HT
MAOI, SNRI, TCA

23
Q

Serotonin Syndrome

A

Too much serotonin - SSRI/SNRI/MAOI/TCA
Hyperthermia, confusion, myoclonus, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seizures
Cyproheptadine - 5HT2 R antagonist

24
Q

How long does it take for antidepressants to have an effect?

A

4-8 weeks

25
Q

SNRIs

A

Venlafaxine, duloxetine, milnacipran

Inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake

26
Q

Duloxetine is also indicated for ___________.

A

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

27
Q

What are the side effects of SNRIs

A

↑BP, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea

28
Q

Amitriptyline, nortriptyine, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine

A

TCAs: Block reuptake of NE and 5-HT

Major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia, peripheral neuropathy

29
Q

What are the side effects of TCAs

A 
Convulsions
Coma 
Cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias-block fast NA channels
α-1 blocking
Atropine like
30
Q

MAOIs

A

Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (MAO-B)
↑amine NT: NE, 5-HT, dopamine

31
Q

When are MAOIs indicated?

A

Atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis

32
Q

What are the side effects of MAOIs

A

Hypertensive crisis - ingestion of tyramine

Treat with Phentolamine (α-blocker)

33
Q

MAOIs are contraindicated with which things?

A

SNRIs, TCAs, St. Johns wort, meperidine, dextromethorphan - prevent Serotonin Syndrome

34
Q

Bupropion

A

Blocks presynaptic reuptake of dopamine and NE

  • Seizure in bulimic patients*
  • No sexual side effects*
35
Q

Mirtazapine

A

α2-antagonist - ↑release of NE and 5-HT
5-HT2 and 3 antagonist
SE: sedation, ↑appetite/weight gain, dry mouth

36
Q

Trazodone

A

Blocks 5-HT2 and α1-adrenergic receptors
Treats Insomnia
SE: Priapism, sedation, nausea

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