Viral Diseases of Dogs I (8) Flashcards
What has the most clinical importance for dog viruses?
canine parvovirus infection
What is characteristic of herpesvirus?
latent infection, with recrudescence and intermittent or continuous virus shedding
Herpesvirus is [enveloped/unenveloped]
enveloped
Herpesvirus is [stable/unstable] in environment
unstable - which is why it spreads by close contact
Is Herpesvirus species specific?
yes - some exceptions
What is the epidemiology of Herpesvirus?
present worldwide in domestic and wild dogs
seropositive rates of >30% are common in field dogs
T/F: Pups can’t be born without the development of disease of herpesvirus
FALSE - maternal antibodies through passive transfer to puppies doesn’t always happen
What kinds of infection is Herpesvirus in dogs?
respiratory infection - mild runny nose or cough
reproductive infection - vesicles or postures of genitalia
Most adult infections of Herpesvirus is [symptomatic/asymptomatic]
asymptomatic
Puppies _____ age are at the highest rate of contracting Herpesvirus
1-3 weeks
For Herpesvirus, the mortality rate is high among puppies exposed during _____ and the first week of life
whelping
disease progression is rapid
most puppies die within 24 to 48 hours after onset of clinical signs
In puppies, Herpesvirus is called
fading puppy syndrome - systemic disease
What is the preferred diagnostic tools for Herpesvirus?
PCR
serology + clinical sigtns
virus culture
necropsy
What is Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex?
bordetella bronchiseptica
canine parainfluenza virus
canine distemper
canine infleunza
canine herpesvirus
serotype 2 of canine adenovirus
What is the treatment for herpesvirus for puppies?
heat lamp, pad
IV fluids
prognosis is poor
What is the prevention for herpesvirus for puppies?
no vaccine
What is pseudorabies in dogs?
porcine herpesvirus 1
uncommon in domestic dogs
What are clinical signs of pseudorabies in dogs?
frenzy associated with intense pruritus
paralysis of jaws and pharynx
howling
death
What are other characteristics of adenovirus?
virus resistant in environment
wife range of clinical presentations
confirmed bye virus isolation or PCR
direct contact transmission or aerosol
usually more poultry than mammals
For adenovirus 1, infectious canine hepatitis is rarely seen in the USA in domestic dogs, except in ______
shelter situations
What is this a symptom of?
infectious canine hepatitis - adenovirus 1
“blue eye”
How is infectious canine hepatitis transmitted?
in bodily secretions, especially urine
travels to the tonsils and regional lymph nodes where it replicates
then travels to liver where it replicates again
What are the presenting signs of CAV2 infection?
respiratory: dry, hacking cough, loss of appetite
can get this in crowded conditions
What is the treatment and prevention for CAV1 and CAV2?
let virus run course if healthy
affected dogs should be isolated
vaccination is recommended
Where does papillomavirus generally appear?
occurs principally in the mouth
offensive breath - can be very florid
Which virus indicates a measure of immune function?
canine warts (papillomavirus)
If the immune system reacts with papillomavirus, it can be what kind of infection
acute self-limiting
The oral antibiotic _____ is sometimes used to treat papillomavirus
azithromycin
What is the properties of papillomavirus?
small naked capsid, DNA genome
How is papillomavirus acquired? Infects?
by close contact
infects the epithelial cells of the skin of mucus membrane
For the papillomavirus, virus persists in the _____ layer and then produces virus in thermally differentiated _______
basal layer
keratinocytes
Parvovirus replicates only in _____
dividing cells
What viruses can cause abortion or fetal abnormalities (a virus we’ve talked about thus far)
parvovirus
How does a dog contract parvovirus?
transmission by contact or
fomites
Canine parvovirus is an example of antigenic [shift/drift]
drift
What is the name for canine parvovirus?
CPV-2b
Parvovirus is primarily transmitted by ______ route
fecal-oral
In parvovirus, the virus is [stable/unstable] in the environment
stable (that’s why it lives in the ground so long)
Where is parvovirus derived?
came from cats - usually stays 2a in cats
What is the pathogenesis for parvovirus?
initial replication in tonsils in lymph nodes
disseminated in blood (viremia)
attacks crypt cells, leads to loss of epithelium in small intestine
Why is parvovirus so contagious?
infects all ages
puppies between weening and 6 months of age most susceptible
Parvovirus presents primarily as a(n) _______ disease
acute enteric disease
Which type of vaccine is parvovirus?
modified live vaccine (attenuated)
Are there parvovirus treatments?
not tamiflu
interferon omega
hyperimmune serum - though not widely available
What are characteristics of coronavirus and torovirus in dogs?
virus unstable in environment
many serotypes
transmission by aerosol, direct contact, fomites, and common vehicl
What is the pathogenesis for canine coronavirus?
confined in intestines
upper 2/3rds of small intestine
confined in intestines
How is canine coronavirus transmissited?
fecal-oral route, through contaminated fomites
crowding and unsanitary conditions
Which is characteristic of loose stool and a fetid odor and orange tint?
canine coronavirus
