Viral Diseases of Cats II (11)

Question 1

Feline immunodeficiency virus is a type of _____

Answer 1

retrovirus

Question 2

What has a high prevalence of opportunistic infections and degenerative conditions? Who discovered this?

Answer 2

FIV
Neils Pederson

Question 3

Who patented the FIV genome?

Answer 3

Neils Pederson
Idexx required rights to develop commercially-available testing in 1987

Question 4

What are primary clinical syndromes associated with FIV?

Answer 4

lymph node enlargement or reduction in size
blood - anemia, neutropenia, etc
pyrexia
diarrhea

Question 5

What has the greatest percentage of clinical syndromes associated with FIV immunosuprresion?

Answer 5

weight loss

Question 6

What is stomatitis?

Answer 6

inflammation of the oral mucosa
most common clinical disease in FIV
also occurs with FeLV
late-stage event
lymphocytic-plasmacytic inflammation
herpesvirus and calcivirus commonly isolated

Question 7

Compare pathogenesis of FIV with FeLV (early stages)

Answer 7

similar clinical signs

Question 8

Compared pathogenesis of FIV with FeLV (late stages)

Answer 8

Question 9

Approximately 80% of FIV+ cats are _______

Answer 9

adult male toms (fighting)

Question 10

Queen to kitten transmission of FIV is [common/rare]

Answer 10

rare

Question 11

The FIV SNAP test tests for [antigen/antibody]. FeLV tests for [antigen/antibody]

Answer 11

antibody
antigen

Question 12

Clients should be informed that vaccinated cats for FIV will have ______

Answer 12

false positive FIV antibody test results

Question 13

T/F: FIV vaccinations were removed from the market because it does not follow the DIVA principle

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

[FeLV/FIV] causes more deaths?

Answer 14

FeLV
47% at 3 years
29% at 6 years

Question 15

What are the 3 strains of FIV?

Answer 15

lion
puma
domestic cat

Question 16

T/F: FIV is contained in the United States

Answer 16

FALSE - it has worldwide distribution

Question 17

What did the phylogenetic analysis of FIV demonstrate?

Answer 17

that most species for which FIV is endemic harbor monophyletic, genetically distinct species-specific FIV strains
suggests that FIV transfer between felidae species has occurred in the past but is quite infrequent today

Question 18

[FeLV/FIV] is more pathogenic

Answer 18

FeLV

Question 19

[FeLV/FIV] can cause tumors, bone marrow suppression, and lead to secondary infectious disease

Answer 19

FeLV

Question 20

[FeLV/FIV] is more pathogenic

Answer 20

FeLV

Question 21

[FeLV/FIV] is less commonly diagnosed than in previous 20 years

Answer 21

FeLV

Question 22

[FeLV/FIV] can cause an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that increases the risk of opportunistic infections, neurological diseases, and tumors

Answer 22

FIV

Question 23

In most naturally infected cats, [FeLV/FIV] itself does not cause severe clinical signs. They can live up to many years with no health problems

Answer 23

FIV

Question 24

How are cats infected with rhabdoviruses?

Answer 24

can be infected with rabies by contact with raccoons or bats

Question 25

What happens with rabies in cats?

Answer 25

loss of appetite, anxiety infection of the limbic system (hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala) restlessness, wandering hypersensitivity to stimulus most commonly presented as "dumb rabies"

Question 26

What kinds of vaccines are rabies vaccines?

Answer 26

inactivated and recombinant (canarypox) vaccines

Question 27

When do you vaccinate for rabies for cats?

Answer 27

3 months

Question 28

Preliminary work of influenza in cats shows the genetic signature of the virus shows it to be identical to the _____ virus that infects dogs

Answer 28

H3N2

Question 29

Coronaviruses in cats are the combination of which viruses?

Answer 29

feline enteric coronavirus (FCoV) feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) commonly referred to both FIP virus

Question 30

What are characteristics of coronavirus and toroviruses in cats?

Answer 30

unstable in environment wide range of clinical presentations many serotypes diagnosis by immunofluorescence or PCR transmission by aerosol, direct contact, fomites, and common vehicle

Question 31

How is the feline enteric coronavirus transmitted?

Answer 31

oronasal transmission replication in enterocytes highly infectious

Question 32

T/F: FCoV is always a clinical concern

Answer 32

FALSE

Question 33

What is feline infectious peritonitis?

Answer 33

systemic and often fatal disease proposed to be the result of mutations in the spike protein of the **enteric coronavirus** during natural infections mutations allowed the virus to change tropism from enterocytes to macrophages

Question 34

What are the 2 serotypes of FIP?

Answer 34

type I: most common, but difficult to grow in cell culture, host receptor cell not identified type II: relatively rare and represent recombination of both canine and feline genomes; grows well in cell culture and utilized the amino-peptidase-N (APN) receptor

Question 35

FIP disease is a disease with extremely ______ clinical manifestations

Answer 35

diverse

Question 36

What is the "wet form" of FIP?

Answer 36

the most characteristic sign: considerable amount of effusion into the thorax and abdomen felt as **fluid wave** pyogranuloma and fibrinous plaques on the serial surfaces of abdominal organs dyspnea, mild pyrexia, and muffled heart sounds common also uveitis, keratic precipitation, changes in coloration of iris

Question 37

What is the "dry" non-effusive form of FIP?

Answer 37

lesions occur in eyes and CNS, but granulomas may also be found in the peritoneal cavity, leading to **more diverse and often more vague clinical signs**

Question 38

What is the immune response to FIP?

Answer 38

causes disease immune complexes, complement activation vasculitis TNF-alpha, IL1beta, IL-6 serum exudation - "wet" form granulomas - "dry" form

Question 39

So is FIP virus different?

Answer 39

nature of mutation not defined no reliable technique for differentiating between non-virulent and virulent strains FIP as a disease generally does not spread cat to cat

Question 40

What is the current theory for FIP pathogenesis?

Answer 40

Question 41

What diagnostic tool do you use to recognize FIP?

Answer 41

PCR FIP virus RealPCR Test - best

Question 42

How do you treat FCoV?

Answer 42

no treatment for healthy seropositive cats supportive treatment for coronaviral enteritis palliative treatment of FIP

Question 43

Is FIP vaccine a AAFP core vaccine?

Answer 43

NO