VIBRIO Flashcards by NIKKA DUMLAO

Comma-shaped or curved bacillus

vibrio

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vibrio species

● V. cholerae
● V.parahaemolyticus
● V. alginolyticus
● V. metschnikovii
● V. damsel and
● V. hollisae

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Facultatively anaerobic and monotrichous organisms

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Facultatively anaerobic and monotrichous organisms

vibrio

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vibrio found on

brackish water, marine water, or salt water

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vibrio isolated from

algae, plankton, fish and shellfish

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vibrio is halophilic except for

V. cholera and V.mimicus

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vibrio Mode of acquisition:

raw or undercooked seafood.

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vibrio related infection

Cholera
wound
infection
septicaemia
necrotizing
fasciitis

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Vibrio
Microscopy

Gram negative, short, curved and asporogenous rods.

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Common Isolate of Vibrio

● Vibrio cholerae O1 and non O1
● Vibrio parahaemolyticus
● Vibrio vulnificus
● Vibrio alginolyticus

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colonies are smooth, opaque and iridescent with greenish hue

Vibrio on CAP

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colonies are NLF (except: V.vulnificus, w/c is lactose fermenter)

Vibrion on MAC

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colonies are Alpha or Beta hemolytic

Vibrio on BAP

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Susceptibility test use in vibrio

150 ug vibriostatic O/129 disk in MHA
They are susceptible

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all specie ferment

glucose

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all specie except are non lactose fermenter

V. vulnificus

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all specie are oxidase ____ and reduce _____ to nitrite except

V. metschnikovii

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Motility test:
Broth

polar sheated flagella;

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Motility test:
Solid media

peritrichous, unsheated flagella.

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Causative agent of cholera

VIBRIO CHOLERAE

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Rapid darting or shooting-star motility

VIBRIO CHOLERAE

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Virulence factor of Vibrio Cholerae

Choleragen (cholera toxin)

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Potent enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae

Cholera toxin,zot toxin and ace toxin.

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colonies are smooth and medium to large sized greenish hue

vibrio cholerae on CAP

Common cause of cholera

V. cholerae O1

Antigenic structure of Vibrio cholerae

Somatic O and Flagellar H

● String test: Positive ● Other test: ● Oxidase: + ● Indole: + ● Lysine: + ● ODC: +

Vibrio cholerae

V. cholerae subgroups

V. choleraeO1 V. cholerae O139 V. cholerae non-O1

V. cholerae O1 serotypes

Ogawa (A, B), Inaba (A, C) and Hikojima (A, B, C)

Epidemic V. cholerae O1 biogroups:

Classical and El Tor ● Classical O1 biogroups- susceptible to polymyxin B, Voges Proskauer Negative ● El Tor biogroups- resistant to polymyxin B, Voges Proskauer Positive

● Acute diarrheal infection, spread through contaminated water source ● Ingestion of improperly preserved shellfish, milk and ice cream.

Cholera

Vibrio cholera

Hallmark: Rice watery stool

V. cholerae O1

Common cause of epidemic

Non-O1

Gastroenteritis

String Test: Rgt

0.5% sodium desoxycholate

Lysis of cells releases DNA, which can then be pulled up into a viscous string

Positive reaction for String Test

VIBRIO CHOLERAE ON TSI

A/A (-) Gas (-)H2S

VIBRIO CHOLERAE ON LIA

K/K

(+) citrate & indole

Vibrio cholerae

(+) indole & cellobiose

V. vulnificus

(+) indole

V. mimicus

Second most common Vibrio species associated with gastroenteritis

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Etiologic agent of “summer diarrhea” in Japan

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

MOA of vibrio parahaemolyticus

Eating contaminated seafood like oysters, scallops, crabs, lobsters, shrimps and sardines

Leading cause of pandemic

V. parahaemolyticus serotypes O3:K6

Virulence factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Heat stable hemolysin

Pathogenicity of V parahaemolyticus

Hemolysin lysis human RBC’s

Selective medium for V parahaemolyticus

Wagatsuma agar (high mannitol medium

 “Lactose positive” Vibrio species  Second to V. cholerae as cause of severe Vibrio-associated infections

Vibrio vulnificus

 Related infections: Septicemia and wound infection  MOA: Eating contaminated raw oysters and fish

Vibrio vulnificus

 Vibrio specie not commonly isolated and is considered as the least pathogenic to humans.  Strict halophile that requires a medium with 1% to 10% Nacl

Vibrio alginolyticus

Related infection: Eye, ear and wound infections (extraintestinal pathogen)

Vibrio alginolyticus

Alkaline peptone water, thiosulfate- citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar (TBCS), MAC and BAP

Culture Media used in Vibrio

Transport Medium in Vibrio

Cary-Blair medium

Enrichment medium for V. cholerae

Alkaline peptone water (pH 8.5)

Growth of vibrios requires media that contain 0.5% Nacl except

V. cholerae and V. mimicus

tolerates upto 10% NaCl

V. alginolyticus

grow as non-lactose fermenter on MAC

Pathogenic vibrio

TCBS inhibit

Gram-positive bacteria

TCBS pH indicator

Thymol blue and parathymol blue

Sucrose fermenters (Yellow colonies on TCBS)

V.cholerae, V. alginolyticus and V. metschnikovii

Non-sucrose fermenter (Green colonies on TCBS)

V. mimicus, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. damsel.

 Used to separate vibrios (susceptible) from other oxidase-positive, glucose fermenter like aeromonads (resistant)  Uses 150ug vibriostatic agent O/129 (2,4-diamino- 6,7-diisopropylpteridine.).

VIBRIOSTATIC TEST – O/129

fail to agglutinate with O1 antisera

V. cholerae non-O1:

serotyped by O and K antigen.

V. parahaemolyticus:

150 ug vibriostatic O/129 disk orther name

2,4 diamino 6,7 diisopropylpteridine