HAEMOPHILUS Flashcards

1
Q

Gram-negative, small, pleomorphic coccobacilli
or rods

A

HAEMOPHILUS

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2
Q

H. influenza, H. ducreyi, H.
parainfluenzae, H. paraphorobilus, H.
parahaemolyticus, H. pittmaniae, H. aegypticus
and H. segnis

A

HAEMOPHILUS SPECIES

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3
Q
  • Greek word: Haima and philos means “blood
    lover”.
  • Obligate parasite on the mucous membrane of
    humans
A

HAEMOPHILUS SP

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4
Q
  • Fastidious, non-motile, caphnophilic and
    facultatively anaerobic bacteria.
  • Clinical specimen very susceptible to dying and
    extreme temperature.
  • Most specie cannot grow on pure BAP
A

HAEMOPHILUS SP

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5
Q

(+) catalase; Oxidase (+);
except

A

H. segnis

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6
Q

X (hemin) and V (nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide)

A

Growth factors of HAEMOPHILUS SP

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7
Q
  • Main cause of meningitis in children
  • As early as less than 12 months, you can
    receive the vaccine for H. influenzae
A

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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8
Q

Spread of H influenzae

A

nasopharynx → lymph nodes →meninges

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9
Q
  • Very fastidious and rapidly killed by phagocytes
  • Only member of the genus that produces IgA
    protease
  • Does not produce endotoxin
A

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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10
Q

person to person (respiratory droplets)

A

MOT of HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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11
Q

translucent, convex, tan-colored&
mucoid with “mousy” or “bleach-like odor”

A

Culture: CAP HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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12
Q

Polysaccharide
capsule (serotypes A to F)

A

Principal Virulence factor of HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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13
Q

: IgA protease, fimbriae
and lipopolysaccharide

A

Other Virulence factor of HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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14
Q

(-) porphyrin (necessary for
the production of heme and later on for the
production of hemoglobin)

A

Biochemical test of HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE

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15
Q
  • Based on capsular characteristic. of H. influenza
  • Encapsulated form: types A, B, C, D, E and F
    (capsular types)
A

TYPABLEFORM

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16
Q

Most commonly known
type of H. influenzae. It can cause of serious
infections in human and the leading cause of
meningitis in unvaccinated children

A

H. influenza type B (Hib):

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17
Q
  • Does not produce capsule (non-capsulated
    strains)
  • Indigenous microbiota of URT and adheres to
    human EC
A

NON-TYPABLE FORM

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18
Q
  • Second prevalent etiologic agent for otitis media.
  • Other: Conjunctivitis and sinusitis
A

NON-TYPABLE FORM

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19
Q
  • Agent of chancroid or “soft chancre
A

HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYI

20
Q
  • Infects the mucosal epithelium, genital and nongenital skin, and regional lymph nodes.
  • Painful and tender genital lesions that advance
    to ulcer with satellite lesion
A

HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYI

21
Q

Buboes or suppurative,
enlarged, draining, inguinal lymph nodes

A

Hallmark of chancroid:

22
Q

Commonly found indigenous microbiota of the
URT of adults.

A

HAEMOPHILUS PARAINFLUENZAE

23
Q
  • Distinguishing characteristics
    o Mousy/bleach-like odor; non-haemolytic
  • Growth Factor
    o X, V
  • Associated Infection/disease
    o Meningitis, epiglottitis, arthritis
A

H. INFLUENZAE (PFEIFFER’S BACILLUS)

24
Q
  • Distinguishing characteristics
    o Genetically related to H. influenzae
  • Growth Factor
    o X, V
  • Associated Infection/disease
    o Pink eye conjunctivitis
A

H. AEGYPTICUS (KOCH-WEEKS BACILLUS)

25
* Distinguishing characteristics o Non-typable (they don’t have capsule) * Growth Factor o X, V * Associated Infection/disease o Brazilian purpuric fever
H. INFLUENZAE BIOGROUP AEGYPTICUS
26
* Distinguishing characteristics o School of fish * Growth Factor o X * Associated Infection/disease o Chancroid or Soft chancer
H. DUCREYI
27
* Distinguishing characteristics o Tan and dry colonies; Beta-haemolytic * Growth Factor o V * Associated Infection/disease o Pharyngitis
H. PARAHAEMOLYTICUS
28
* Distinguishing characteristics o Fructose and maltose fermentation * Growth Factor o V * Associated Infection/disease o Endocarditis
H. PARAINFLUENZAE
29
Cleansed with sterile gauze that is pre-moistened with sterile phosphate-buffer saline
H. ducreyi
30
resemble an “amorphous serous material” because of their pleomorphic appearance.
Gram-stain
31
detects the presence of enzymes that converts delta-aminolevulenic acid into porphyrins.
Porphyrin Test:
32
Kovac’s reagent (other name: pdimethylaminobenzaldehyde)
* Identifying the heme-producing species of Haemophilus. * Reagent
33
red color
Porphobilinogen
34
– reddish-orange color (UVL 300 nm)
Porphyrins
35
(+) Exhibits a red color
(H. parainfluenzae, H. parahaemolyticus, H. paraphrobilus and H. aphrophilus)
36
(-) Result
H. influenza, H. haemolyticus, H. aegypticus and H.ducreyi.
37
Haemophilus species that need the X factor are unable
to synthesize porphyrin from delta-ALA (aminolevulinic acid)
38
preferred medium for Haemophilus because it contains the X and V factor
CAP
39
grows best at 35C to 37C (except H. ducreyiat 33C) and 5 to 10 CO2
Haemophilus
40
H. influenzae, grows as “satellites” on BAP and produce NAD
V-factor dependent Haemophilus
41
nly NAD required
Grown anaerobically
42
4 days incubation
H. aegypticus
43
–7 days incubation
H. ducreyi
44
: horse’s blood-bacitracin agar for respiratory secretion of patient with cystic fibrosis
H. influenzae
45
CAP with 1% IsoVItaleXor Vitox
H. aegypticus
46
Nairobi biplate medium (combination of gonococcal agar and MHA with horse’s blood and vancomycin)
H. ducreyi
47
rapid direct identification of capsular antigen of H. influenzae
Neufeld quelling test