VIBRIO Flashcards
infection may play a role in Guillain-Barré
syndrome (GBS)
CAMPYLOBACTER
can cause ulcers and has been linked to gastric
carcinoma.
HELICOBACTER PYLORI
Commonly found in a wide variety of aquatic
environments, including fresh water, brackish or
estuarine water, and marine or saltwater
VIBRIO
cause a devastating diarrheal
disease: Cholera
v. CHOLERA
4 v
● V. cholerae
● V. parahaemolyticus
● V. vulnificus
● V. alginolyticus
the risk of infection from all Vibrio
spp. can be reduced by the avoidance of
eating _______,
particularly in warmer summer months
raw or undercooked shellfish
Pandemics (worldwide epidemics) of cholera,
a devastating diarrheal disease caused by V.
cholerae, have been documented since __
1817
● Factors to consider when identifying Vibrio infection:
- Recent consumption of raw seafood (especially
oysters) - Recent immigration or foreign travel
- Gastroenteritis with cholera-like or rice-water
stools - Accidental trauma incurred during contact with
fresh, estuarine, or marine water or associated
products (e.g., shellfish, oyster or clam shells,
fish hooks)
Curved (comma) or pleomorphic gram-negative rods
vibrio
Asporogenous
vibrio
vibrio in broth -
In broth – possess polar, sheathed flagella
vibrio in solid media
In solid media – peritrichous, unsheathed flagella
is vibrio facultative anaerobe?
yes
vibrio catalase negative except for
V. metschnikovii
oxidase positive except for
V. metschnikovii)
Reduce nitrate to nitrite
V. metschnikovii
___Fermenter
Glucose
Do not grow on what agar
Do not grow on MAC
routine media used
tcbs
Most species exhibit a positive string test including V.
cholerae
vibrio
- Observed as a mucoid “stringing” reaction after
emulsification of colonies in
0.5% sodium
desoxycholate
All species are halophilic or “salt-loving” (except for
V.
cholerae and V. mimicus
Three major subgroups of V. cholerae
V. cholerae O1,
V. cholerae O139,
V. cholerae non-O1
All of which share a common flagellar (H) antigen and
somatic (O) antigen
luh
Based on the composition of O antigen, V. cholerae
O1 organisms are divided into the following serotypes:
ogawa
india
Based on the composition of O antigen, V. cholerae
O1 organisms are divided into the following serotypes:
inaba
philippines
Based on the composition of O antigen, V. cholerae
O1 organisms are divided into the following serotypes:
hikojima
japan
causative agent of cholera (aka
Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera)
V. cholerae O1
It has been a disease of major public health
significance for centuries. Most epidemics
occur in developing countries, in which it is
endemic;
vibrio cholerae
cholera is prevalent in what places
bengal region of india and bangladesh
● Spread through contaminated water
cholera
The disease manifests in acute cases as a severe
gastroenteritis accompanied by vomiting and followed by
diarrhea
cholera
Rice watery stool (contain mucus flecks) that can
rapidly lead to dehydration and death
cholera
responsible in disease of cholera
Cholera toxin, or choleragen
Treatment and management of cholera:
intravenous or oral fluids
to replace fluids lost from the severe diarrhea
treatment of cholera Can be shorten by antibiotics such as
azithromycin or ciprofloxacin
Once ingested, the
bacteria colonize the __, in which
they multiply and produce choleragen.
small intestine
Two types of Cholera
classical type and el tor type
Second most common Vibrio species implicated in
gastroenteritis
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Most cases of gastroenteritis can be traced to recent
consumption of raw, improperly cooked, or
recontaminated seafood, particularly oysters
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Self-limited disease
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Kanagawa-toxin Positive
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Kanagawa-toxin Positive – Produces a heat-stable
hemolysin that is able to lyse human erythrocytes in a
special, high salt mannitol medium called ____
Wagatsuma Agar
Summer Diarrhea
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Kanagawa phenomenon. ingestion of contaminated seafood.
● The pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus is
not as well understood as V. cholerae.
However, there is a possible association
between hemolysin production and virulence,
known as the ___
Kanagawa phenomenon.
● Least pathogenic; most frequently isolated vibrio
Vibrio alginolyticus
Two categories of infection: primary septicemia and
wound infections
Vibrio vulnificus
is =vibrio oxidase positive?
yes
in MAC is vibrio non lactose?
yes
trasnport media of vibrio
cary0blair media
recommended selective medium for vibrio
TCBS (thiosulfate
citrate bile salt sucrose agar)
● Ubiquitous
● Oxidase positive
● Glucose fermenter
● Gram-negative rods
● Motile with single tuft of flagella
aeromonas
