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CLINICAL BACTERIOLOGY > STREPTOCOCCUS > Flashcards

STREPTOCOCCUS Flashcards

1
Q

Inhabit various sites, notably the upper respiratory
tract, and live harmlessly as commensals.

A

Streptococcus and Enterococcus

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2
Q

More pronounced growth on media enriched with
blood or serum

A

Streptococcus

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3
Q

This classification scheme was developed in
the 1930s

A

Rebecca Lancefield.

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4
Q

Produces a zone of partial hemolysis with a greenish
discoloration around the colonies on blood agar
● Streptococci producing α-hemolysis are also known as

A

Alpha-hemolytic (α) Streptococci

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5
Q

Produces a complete hemolysis
- Sharply defined, clear, colorless zone of
hemolysis around the colony induced by
bacterial hemolysins
- No red blood cell is visible on microscopic
examination in the clear zone of complete
hemolysis.

A

ß-hemolysis

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6
Q

constitutes the principal marker for
potentially pathogenic streptococci in cultures of throat
swabs or other clinical samples.

A

ß-hemolysis

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7
Q

● Produce no hemolysis on blood agar

A

Gamma (γ) or Non-hemolytic Streptococci

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8
Q

is an important organism of Gamma (γ) or Non-hemolytic Streptococci

A

Enterococcus faecalis

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9
Q

beta h members

A

S. equisimilis
S. pyogenes
S. agalactiae
E. faealis

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10
Q

based on the serological
properties of the streptococci

A

A, B, C, D, and G Lancefield Grouping

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11
Q

Organisms in possess the same
antigenic C-carbohydrate organisms.

A

Group A

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12
Q

group a

A

pyogenes

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13
Q

group b

A

agalactiae

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14
Q

group c

A

s.equisimilis, ewqui, dysogalactiae, zoopidimidus

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15
Q

group d

A

enteroccoci, non entero

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16
Q

group does not grow
under 10°C but grows best at 37°C.

A

Pyogenic and viridans

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17
Q

group grows at all temperatures

A

Entero

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18
Q

group grows best at 10°C and 37°C,
but does not grow at 45°C

A

Lactic

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19
Q

All of the grows best at optimum
temperature of 37°C

A

streptococci

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20
Q

part of cell wall ps strep; antiphagocytic

A

m protein

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21
Q

(oxygen labile)
- highly immunogenic; measured using ASO
(antistreptolysin O) test

A

Streptolysin O

22
Q

(oxygen stable)
- nonimmunogenic

A

Streptolysin S

23
Q

M-protein is genes of what strep specie

A

s.pyogenes

24
Q

formerly
called erythrogenic toxin; causes Scarlet Fever

A

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin

25
Q

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin

A

Nephrogenic toxin

26
Q

camp factor produced by; heat stable protein;
enhances the beta-hemolysis of staph. aureus

A

S. agalactiae

27
Q

small, transparent and smooth;
beta-hemolytic; when grows in sheep’s blood agar

A

S. pyogenes

28
Q

grayish white mucoid colonies;
beta-hemolytic (small zone)

A

S. agalactiae

29
Q

The __test is a particularly important test used
to determine whether the gram positive cocci is a
staphylococci or a streptococci.

A

catalase

30
Q

Differentiates Group A Streptococci from other
Streptococci

A

Bacitracin Susceptibility Test (Taxo A)

31
Q

Positive: arrowhead hemolysis [Group B Strep] or
bowtie appearance [S. agalactiae]

A

camp test

32
Q

Positive: Cherry Red/Pink
● Test for Group A and Group D Streptococci

test is useful in the identification of
group A, beta hemolytic streptococci and the
streptococcus pyogenes.

A

PYR hydrolysis

33
Q

● Test for Group B Streptococci
● Medium: Broth with hippurate
● Positive: Purple (S. agalactiae)

A

Hippurate Test

34
Q

indicator of hippurate

glycine is oxidated by this which turns the broth purple

A

ninhydrin

35
Q

● Positive: blackening of medium [Group D]
● Differentiate Group D from Beta-hemolytic
is widely used for the
differentiation of enterococci and group B streptococci
which are bile tolerant and can hydrolyze esculin to
esculetin with the help of the enzymes esculinase from
non-group D viridans groups streptococci which grow
poorly on bile

A

Bile Esculin Tes

36
Q

● Further test from Bile Esculin Test
● To identify Enterococci
● Positive: Turbid [Enterococci]
● Negative: Clear/Transparent [Non-enterococci]

A

Salt Tolerance Test (6.5% NaCl)

37
Q

● Reagent: paradimethylaminocinnamaldehyde reagent
● Positive color: Red color

this test identify which group

A

● Positive: Viridans Streptococci

38
Q

based from the previous question, which test is conducted

A

Leucine Aminopeptidase Test

39
Q

SXT or sulfamethoxazole this susceptibility test in
conjunction with bacitracin is used for the presumptive
identification of beta hemolytic streptococci on blood
agar. The resistance of sulfamethoxazole is used for the
primary recovery of group ________streptococci from
specimens with mixed culture

A

A and B

40
Q

BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS
● “Strep throat” The most common clinical manifestations of
streptococcus _ are pharyngitis and
tonsillitis.

A

pyogenes

41
Q

a localized skin disease, begins as small
vesicles that progress to weeping lesions;
inoculation of organisms through minor
abrasions or insect bites

A

impetigo

42
Q
  • followed by deeper invasion of streptococci;
    life-threatening; with bacteremia or sepsis

Patients with peripheral vascular disease or
diabetes – leads to gangrene

A

cellulitis

43
Q

s a rare infection of the skin and
subcutaneous tissues observed frequently in
elderly patients

A

Erysipelas

44
Q
  • cause by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin
  • Diffuse red rash on upper chest and spreads
    to the trunk and extremities
  • Infection with strains of streptococcus
    pyogenes that produce streptococcal
    pyrogenic exotoxins can result in
A

scarlet fever

45
Q

“Flesh-eating disease or syndrome”, “Suppurative
fasciitis”, “Hospital gangrene”, “Necrotizing erysipelas”
● An invasive infection characterized by rapidly
progressing inflammation and necrosis of the skin,
subcutaneous fat, and fascia

A

NECROTIZING FASCIITIS

46
Q

A condition in which the entire organ system
collapses, leading to death
Caused by a type of streptococcal pyrogenic
exotoxin – SpeA

A

STREPTOCOCCAL TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME

47
Q

● GAS are susceptible to (drug of choice for
treatment)

A

penicillin

48
Q

If allergic to penicillin -

A

erythromycin will do

49
Q

● Todd-Hewith Broth
● Significant cause of invasive disease in newborn

A

● Todd-Hewith Broth
● Significant cause of invasive disease in newborn

50
Q

Ends of the cells are slightly pointed (oval or
lancet shape)
BHIA, TSA with 5% sheep RBCs or Chocolate
Agar are necessary for good growth
- SBA – large zone of alpha-hemolysis

A

S. pneumoniae

CLINICAL BACTERIOLOGY (10 decks)

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