Veterinary Disaster Management Flashcards
What is the UN definition of a disaster?
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
What is the definition of a disaster from Gunn and Lechat?
A disaster is the result of a vast ecological breakdown in the relationship between humans and their environment, a serious and sudden event (or slow as in drought) on such a scale that the stricken community needs extraordinary efforts to cope with it, often with outside help.
What are the two types of disasters?
Natural and Man-made
What is bioterrorism?
Deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, toxins etc to cause illness or death to people, animals or plants.
What is agroterrorism?
Malicious attempt to disrupt or destroy the agricultural industry and/or food supply system of a population.
What are the 5 “Ps”
Prior Planning Prevents Poor Performance
What has the US government implemented to encourage disaster planning?
No planning = No funding
Why plan for a disaster?
Reduces losses, enhances response and recovery, helps maintain essential functions, improves communication between departments/develops partnerships.
What 3 things does lack of planning cause?
Increased chaos
Decreased trust in the government
Increased recovery time
What are the 4 phases of disaster management?
Mitigation
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
What is the mitigation phase?
Prevention of hazards developing into disasters OR to reduce the effects of disasters.
What does the mitigation phase focus on?
Long-term measures.
What 3 things can mitigation be?
Can be part of the recovery
Can be structural
Can be non-structural (procedural changes)
What is the preparedness phase?
Plans and preparations made to save lives and property, and to help with response.
What is the response phase?
Actions taken to provide emergency assistance, save lives, minimize damage and speed recovery.
What is the recovery phase?
Actions taken to return to a normal or improved operating condition.
What are some companion animal issues in disasters?
Failure to evacuate because of their pet Abandonment Logistics of care and shelter Identification and reuniting animals and owners When do you adopt animals out?
What must be considered in large animal disease outbreaks?
Don't have enough vets Disposal of carcasses Time from dx to slaughter Animal and premise ID Insurance Environmental contamination
What are 4 reasons Vets are important in disasters?
Trusted members of the community
We can educate the public
Ongoing contribution to surveillance
Key players in response efforts
What is a County Animal Response Team (CART)?
For use by local government for rapid response. Know the area and the local resources. HOME ICE ADVANTAGE
What is a State Animal Response Team (SART)?
Interagency organization that trains to facilitate a safe and efficient response to disasters on the local, county, state and federal level.
What are the 4 federal level disaster response groups?
Veterinary Medical Assistance Team (VMAT)
National Veterinary Response Team (NVRT)
National Animal Health Emergency Response Corp (NAHERC)
US Public Health Service
When do the federal level disaster response teams deploy?
Upon request from local veterinary community if they are overwhelmed.
What is VMAT?
Response team that operates under AVMA, must be requested by state animal health authorities.
What are VMAT’s 3 primary functions?
Early Assessment Volunteer Teams
Basic Treatment Volunteer Teams
Training
What does VMAT’s early assessment team do?
4-6 people, deploy for 72 hours to assess conditions and infrastructure to decide what will be needed.
What does VMAT’s basic treatment team do?
4-6 people, deploy for 5 days to provide primary field care to augment overwhelmed local capabilities.
What does VMAT’s training team do?
Gives emergency-related education to state veterinary associations, professionals and colleges.
What is NVRT?
Part of Dept. Health and Human Service’s National Disaster Medical System to provide expertise in vet med, public health, and research. Staffed by private citizens who have been approved by the federal government and assigned to regional teams.
What are some of NVRT’s responsibilities?
Assessing veterinary medical needs of the community and treatment/stabilization of animals
Disease surveillance
Technical assistance to ensure food and water safety
Hazard mitigation
Care and support of animals certified as official responders to a disaster or emergency
Human euthanasia
Biological and chemical terrorism surveillance
Animal decontamination
What is the NAHERC?
USDA’s animal and plant inspection service (APHIS) that responds to exotic disease outbreaks and other disasters, NAHERC members are temporary USDA APHIS members.
What is US Public Health Service?
6500+ public health professionals (100+ veterinarians), one of the seven uniformed services.
What are 5 problems identified with past disasters?
Communication issues Command and control problems No standardized plan Training No common operating plan
What is the purpose of the National Response Framework?
Establishes a comprehensive, national, all-hazards approach to domestic incident response.
What does the National Response Framework build on?
The National Incident Management System.
What is the NRF?
National Response Framework.
What is the NIMS?
National Incident Management System.
What is a key feature of the National Response Framework?
Always in effect, can be partially or fully implemented.
What is an ESF?
Emergency Support Function.
What are the 15 ESFs?
Transportation Telecommunications and Technology Public Works and Engineering Firefighting Emergency Management Mass Care, Housing, Human Services Resource Support Public Health and Medical Services Urban S&R Oil and Hazardous Materials Response Agricultural and Natural Resources Energy Public Safety and Security Community Recovery, Mitigation and Economic Stabilization Emergency Public Information and External Communications
Who set up the NIMS?
Homeland security Presidential directive.
What are three parts to NIMS Command and Management?
Incident Command System
Multi-agency coordination system
Public information system
Where does NIMS start?
At the local incident and progresses towards stat, then federal.
Where does the NRF start?
At the federal level and progresses towards state and then local.
What is the ICS?
Incident Command System
What is the Incident Command System?
Standardized, on-scene, all-hazard incident management using standardized terminology.
Is modular, flexible and adaptable.
Has multiple agency cooperation.
Has a top-down structure, so that only necessary positions will be filled.
What is the ideal ratio of supervisor to individuals?
1:5
What is the max individuals under one supervisor?
7
What are the 5 management functions of the ICS structure?
Incident command Logistics Operations (Vets primarily) Planning (Vets) Finance and administration
