Prevention, Control and Eradication Flashcards
What are the 3 different levels of disease prevention?
a
What is primary prevention?
Maintaining a healthy population.
What are 3 examples of primary prevention?
Vaccination
Border security/inspection
Removal of risk material from feed
What is secondary prevention?
Attempt to minimize damage after disease has occurred.
What are 3 examples of secondary prevention?
Screening for breast cancer
Physical exams
Test and slaughter
What is tertiary prevention?
Rehabilitation after primary and secondary prevention have failed.
Reduce complications and maintain the best quality of life possible.
What are some examples of tertiary prevention? (5 things)
Management of diabetes Corrective horseshoes Claw amputation for septic arthritis in cows Eye enucleation (cancer) Mastitis control program
What is control?
Steps taken to reduce a disease problem to a tolerable level, and maintain it there.
What is eradication?
Complete elimination.
What is total eradication?
Disease agent has been completely removed from the area of concern.
What is practical eradication?
Elimination of an organism from their reservoirs of importance to humans or their domestic animals
What are the 4 states of infection?
Susceptible
Latent Period
Infection period
Non-infectious (removed = dead OR recovered = immune, carrier or susceptible)
What are the 4 states of disease?
Susceptible
Incubation period
Symptomatic period
Non-infectious (removed = dead OR recovered)
What are the 3 principles of disease control and eradication?
Reservoir neutralization
Reducing contact potential
Increasing host resistance
What are 3 ways to neutralize the reservoir?
Remove infected individuals
Render infected individual non-shedder
Manipulate environment
List 2 ways to remove an infected individual.
Test and slaughter
Mass therapy
How can you render and individual a “non-shedder”?
Vaccination
What are two ways to manipulate the environment?
Parasite control
Mosquito control
What are 3 ways to reduce contact potential?
Isolation of treatment of cases
Quarantine
Population control and reduction
What are 4 ways to increase host resistance?
Genetic selection
Good welfare
Chemoprophylaxis
Vaccination
What are the 5 National Disease Control Components?
- Animal heath law and regulations
- Disease control management agency
- Veterinary.Inspection services
- Lab services
- Surveillance, information, education, communication and training
What are the three levels of animal health law and regulation?
International (WTO, SPS, OIE)
National (Animal Health Act, Animal quarantine laws)
State
What is the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreement (SPS)?
Agreement signed with nationals that join the WTO, giving nations the right to apply measures to protect humans, ONLY based on science, not disguised barriers to trade.
Who is the Disease Control Management Agency?
USDA-APHIS
Who is the Veterinary/Inspection Services?
USDA-APHIS Veterinary Services
Who are Laboratory Services?
USDA-APHIS national Veterinary Laboratory Services
Where are the 3 main USDA-APHIS labs located?
Ames Iowa (diagnostics, BacT, Viro, Pathobiology) Plum Island (Foreign animal disease diagnostic lab) National Animal Health Laboratory Network
