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Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology > Mosquito Borne Zoonoses > Flashcards

Mosquito Borne Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most important vectors of human disease?

A

Mosquitoes

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2
Q

What are mosquitoes an anthroponotic vector for?

A

Malaria

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3
Q

What are mosquitoes a MOSTLY anthroponotic vector for?

A

Dengue and Yellow fevers

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4
Q

What are mosquitoes a true zoonotic vector for? (3 things)

A

Rift Valley Fever, EEVs, West Nile

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5
Q

What are the 3 mosquitoe-borne encephalitides?

A

WEEV
EEEV
VEEV

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6
Q

What are the reservoirs for the EEVs?

A

WEEV and EEEV: birds

VEEV: rodents = enzootic; horses = epizootic

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7
Q

What is unique about humans and horses infected with VEEV?

A

Normally aredead-end hosts, but with VEEV can transmit diseaseback to mosquito

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8
Q

What is the mosquito vector for EEEV between birds?

A

Culiseta spp.

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9
Q

What is the “bridge” mosquito vector for EEEV?

A

Aedes

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10
Q

Of the EEVs, which is most virulent?

A

EEEV

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11
Q

What species are the sentinel for EEEV?

A

Horses

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12
Q

What is a risk factor for EEEV?

A

Outdoor activities in an area with EEEV infected mosquitos

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13
Q

How many people with EEEV are asymptomatic?

A

90+%

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14
Q

What symptoms do you see in people with EEEV?

A

Mild flu to encephalitis, coman and death

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15
Q

What is the case fatality rate for humans with EEEV?

A

~30%

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16
Q

What percentage of survivors of EEEV will have mild to severe permanent neurologic damage?

A

50-90%

17
Q

Is there a treatment for EEEV?

A

No

18
Q

What is the vector mosqutio for WEEV?

A

Culex tarsalis

19
Q

What are symptoms of WEEV in humans?

A

Similar to EEEV, but much less rick of death

20
Q

What are horses in the WEEV cycle?

A

Dead-end host

21
Q

What mosquitoes vector VEEV?

A

Culex spp.

22
Q

What mosquitoes are associated with epizootic transmission of VEEV?

A

Psorophora spp.

Aedes spp.

23
Q

What is important to note about epizootic transmission of VEEV? (2 things)

A

Horses are a key reservoir

Human blood levels are high enough to infect mosquitoes

24
Q

What percentage of humans infected with VEEV are symptomatic?

A

Almost 100%

25
Q

T/F: VEEV is reportable in the USA.

A

True

26
Q

How is VEEV monitored?

A

Pheasents are sentinels

27
Q

How is West Nile maintained?

A

Bird-mosquito-bird

28
Q

What is the vector mosquito for West Nile?

A

Culex

29
Q

How many people infected with West Nile are asymptomatic?

A

~80%

Other 20% develop mild febrile illness

30
Q

1/150 persons infected wit West Nile develop..?

A

Neuroinvasive disease

31
Q

T/F: People have life-long immunity after infection with West Nile.

A

True

32
Q

T/F: Humans and horses are dead end hosts for West Nile.

A

True

33
Q

T/F: There is evidence to suggest that humans are infected with West Nile after handling dead/ill birds.

A

False.

Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology (15 decks)

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