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MSK > Vessels and Nerve of the Forearm > Flashcards

Vessels and Nerve of the Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

Radial artery

A
  • exits cubital fossa deep to brachioradialis and superficial to pronator teres
  • runs distally with superficial branch of radial nerve on surface of flexor forearm muscles
  • passes deep to tendons in anatomical snuff box and runs on dorsum
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2
Q

Branches of radial artery

A
  1. radial reccurent artery
  2. muscular branches
  3. palmar carpal branch
  4. superficial palmar branch
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3
Q

Radial recurrent artery

A
  • branches laterally
  • accompanies radial nerve between brachialis and brachioradialis
  • anastomose with radial collateral branch of deep brachial artery
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4
Q

Muscular branches of radial artery

A
  • distributed along entire length of artery
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5
Q

Palmar carpal branch of radial artery

A
  • arises near distal border or pronator quadratus
  • courses medially across wrist
  • anastomose with with palmar carpal branch of ulnar artery and anterior interosseous branches
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6
Q

Superficial branch

A
  • arises before radial artery passes to dorsum of hand

- helps for superficial palmar arterial arch

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7
Q

Ulnar Artery

A
  • exits cubital fossa deep to pronator teres
  • accompanies median nerve
  • between flexor digitorum superficial is and flexor digitorum profundus
  • distal 1/2 forearm accompanies ulnar nerve- overlapped by flexor carpi ularnis
  • passes superficial to flexor retinaculum
  • primary contributor of superficial palmar arch
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8
Q

branches from ulnar artery

A
  1. anterior ulnar recurrent
  2. posterior ulnar recurrent
  3. common interosseous
  4. muscular branches
  5. palmar carpal branch
  6. dorsal carpal branch
  7. deep palmar branch
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9
Q

Anterior ulnar recurrent artery

A
  • arises medial
  • passes anterior to medial epicondyle bt pronator teres and brachialis
  • anastomose with inferior ulnar collateral from brachial artery
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10
Q

posterior ulnar recurrent artery

A
  • arises medial distal to anterior ulnar recurrent
  • passes posterior to medial epicondyle
  • anastomose with superior ulnar collateral from brachial artery
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11
Q

Common interosseous artery

A
  • arises laterally from ulnar artery before it leaves cubital fossa
  • courses deeply
  • when reaches interosseous membrane divides into anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
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12
Q

Anterior interosseous artery

A
  • courses anterior to surface of interosseous membrane
  • passes deep to pronator quadrates
  • travels with anterior interosseous median nerve
  • provides muscular branches and palmar branches (joins palmar carpal network)
  • pierces interosseous membrane distally to join posteroir interosseous artery
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13
Q

Posterior interosseous artery (PIA)

A
  • courses posterior between radius and ulna
  • travels with deep branch of radial nerve (aka posterior interosseous nerve) bt superficial and deep layers
  • at carpus PIA joins with anterior interosseous artery
  • anastomose with dorsal carpal branches of radial and ulnar arteries to form dorsal carpal arch
  • has one branch (interosseous recurrent)
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14
Q

Interosseous recurrent artery

A
  • only brach of PIA

- anastomose with middle collateral branch of deep brachial artery

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15
Q

Muscular branch of ulnar artery

A
  • given off along entire ulnar artery
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16
Q

palmar carpal branch of ulnar artery

A
  • courses wrist laterally
  • forms palmar carpal network
  • deep to tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
17
Q

dorsal carpal branch of ulnar artery

A
  • winds medially deep to tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
  • goes to back of wrist deep to extensor tendons
  • forms dorsal carpal arch
18
Q

deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

A
  • branches at wrist
  • deep to pisohamate ligament
  • enter hypothenar muscles
  • minor contributor of deep palmar arterial arch
19
Q

viens of radial and ulnar arteries

A
  • venae comitantes of arteries
20
Q

Median nerve in forearm

A
  • enters forearm medially to brachial artery
  • accompanies ulnar artery bt flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
  • superficial at wrist
  • 2 types of innervation
    1. articular branches- elbow joint
    2. muscular branches- all muscles in anterior forearm (except flexor carpi ulnaris)
    3. palmar cutaneous branches- last branch of median nerve
21
Q

anterior interosseous nerve

A
  • branches from median nerve within cubital fossa
  • courses anterior surface of interosseous membrane
  • accompanies anterior interosseous artery and innervates muscles in deep layer (flexor digitorum profudus, flexor pollicis longs, pronator quadrates)
  • terminates with branches to ventral carpal articulations
22
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A
  • inflammation and edema within carpal tuner
  • compresses median nerve
  • results in pain, parathesias within cutaneous distribution of median nerve, and weakness of thenar eminence muscles
23
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A
  • courses posterior to medial epicondyle of humerus
  • enters forearm between two heads of origin of flexor carpi ulnaris
  • joins ulnar artery mid forearm
  • enters wrist through guyons tunnel
    Distribution:
    1. articular branches to elbow joint
    2. muscular branches flexor ulnaris and profundus medially
    3. cutaneous branches to hand which arise in forearm
24
Q

canal of struthers

A
  • fasia connecting two head of flexor carpi ulnaris
  • forms cubital tunnel
  • 1st site of compression for ulnar nerve
25
Q

Guyon’s Tunnel

A
  • formed from piso-hamate ligament
  • composed of superficial portion of flexor retinaculum between hamate and pisiform
  • nerve divides into superficial and deep ulnar nerve
  • 2nd site of compression of ulnar nerve
26
Q

Superficial branch of radial nerve

A
  • courses through anterior forearm under brachioradialis
  • joins radial artery medially
  • goes to back of hand by passing through anatomical snuffbox
  • inner ate skin of lateral back of hand, thumb, ring and middle fingers
27
Q

Deep branch of radial nerve

A
  • pierces and winds around radius within supinator to go to posterior of forearm
  • joined by posterior interosseous artery
  • exits supinator in deep posterior compartment of extensor forearm as many branches
  • majority of branches supply deep extensor muscles
  • terminal portion= posterior interosseous nerve
28
Q

Radial nerve branches

A
  1. superficial branch

2. deep branch

29
Q

posterior interosseous nerve

A
  • terminal portion of deep branch of radial nerve
  • courses dorsal surface of interosseous membrane with posterior interosseous artery
  • terminate by providing branches to dorsal carpal articulation

MSK (13 decks)

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