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MSK > Brachium and Cubital Fossa > Flashcards

Brachium and Cubital Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Brachium Fascia

A
  • continuous with fascia of shoulder muscles above
  • attached to humeral epicondyles and olecranon process
  • continuous with antebrachial fascia below
  • encases entire arm in cylindrical sheath
  • fascial extensions to lateral and medial supracondylar ridges from lateral and medial intramuscular septa; partition arm into anterior and posterior muscle compartments
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2
Q

Brachial medial intramuscular septum

A
  • 2 laminae that enclose neuromuscular compartment
  • superiorly contains:
    brachial artery
    brachial vein
    musculocutaneous nerve
    medial brachial cutaneous nerve
    medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves
    ulnar nerve
    median nerve
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3
Q

anterior surface of brachium muscles

A
  • biceps brachii
  • brachialis
  • brachioradialis (?)
  • coracobrachialis
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4
Q

posterior surface of brachium muscles

A
  • triceps brachii

- anconeus

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5
Q

biceps brachii

A

O- long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head- coracoid process of scapula
I- common tendon to radial tuberosity; bicipital apneurosis to antebrachial fascia covering flexor forearm musculature
A- Flexes forearm and supinates hand (most powerful supinator above 90o of flexion; long head also assisting in flexion
N- musculocuntaneous nerve

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6
Q

Brachialis

A

O-Distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus
I- Coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna
A- Flexion of forearm (most powerful of 3 primary forearm flexors)
N- Musculocutaneous nerve

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7
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O- Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I- Lateral radius at base of styloid process
A- Flexion of forearm (handshake)
N- Radial nerve

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8
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

O- Coracoid process of scapula
I- Middle 3rd medial surface of humerus
A- Flexion and adduction of humerus
N- Musculocutaneous nerve

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9
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

O- long head- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head- posterior surface of humerus proximal to radial groove
medial head- posterior surface of humerus distal to radial groove
I- Posterior surface olecranon process of ulna
A- Extend forearm; long head- acts at shoulder joint to extend and adduct the arm
N- Radial nerve

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10
Q

Anconeus

A

O- Posterior surface lateral epicondyle of humerus
I- Lateral surface of olecranon and proximal posterior surface of ulna
A- Assists triceps in extension of forearm
N- Radial nerve

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11
Q

Brachial Artery

A
  • continuation of axillary artery
  • courses within neuromuscular compartment through medial brachium
    -ends within cubital fossa where it divides into ulnar and radial arteries
    3 branches:
    1. profunda (deep) brachial branch
    2. superior ulnar collateral
    3. inferior ulnar collateral
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12
Q

Profunda (deep) brachial branch of brachial artery

A
  • largest branch
  • arises posteromedial aspect of brachial artery
    -accompanies radial nerve around humerus
    ends by dividing into middle and radial collateral arteries
  • collateral arteries anastomose with interosseous and radial recurrent arteries
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13
Q

Superior ulnar collateral branch of brachial artery

A
  • arises from medial aspect of mid-portion of brachial artery
  • courses inferiorly with ulnar nerve to pass posterior to medial epicondyle
  • anastomose with posterior ulnar recurrent artery
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14
Q

Inferior ulnar collateral

A
  • arises from medial aspect of distal portion of brachial artery
  • courses anterior to medial epicondyle
  • anastomose primarily with anterior ulnar recurrent artery
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15
Q

Superficial veins of brachium

A
  • cephalic veins

- basillic vein

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16
Q

Cephalic Vein

A
  • arises from junction of small tributaries on lateral dorsum of hand
  • courses superiorly through forearm along lateral surface and through arm along anteroloateral surface of biceps
  • courses between deltoid and pectoralis major muscles in shoulder and pectoral regions
  • disappears within deltopectoral triangle by piercing costocoracoid membrane to join axillary vein
17
Q

Basilic Vein

A
  • arises from medial dorsum of hand from dorsal venous arch
  • ascends the posteromedial aspect of forearm
  • medial surface of the arm and pierces brachial fascia at its midpoint
18
Q

medial cubital vein

A
  • joins basilica and cephalic vein superficial to cubital fossa
  • many variation
19
Q

Brachial vein

A
  • only deep vein
  • formed by union of radial and ulnar veins
  • course parallel to brachial artery
  • superficial basilic vein runs parallel to brachial vein after piercing brachial fascia
  • joins brachial vein to form axillary artery at level of inferior border of trees major muscle
20
Q

Median Nerve

A

C6-T1

  • exits axilla anterior to brachial artery
  • becomes medial to brachial artery distally
  • course through cubits fossa deep to bicipital aponeurosis
  • passes into forearm between 2 heads of pronator trees muscle
  • NO branches to brachium
21
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A

C8-T1

  • exits axilla medial to brachial artery within brachial neurovascular compartment
  • exits compartment with superior ulnar collateral artery midway between brachium- piercing posterior lamina of medial intramuscular septum
  • course along posterior surface of septum- exits arm between the medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna
22
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve

A

C5-C7

  • leaves axilla lateral to axillary artery
  • pierces coracobrachialis muscle
  • continue inferior between biceps and brachialis
  • exits from under the lateral inferior edge of biceps to become lateral ante brachial cutaneous nerve
  • in arm innervates muscles of anterior compartment (coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps)
23
Q

Radial nerve

A

C5-T1

  • exits axilla posterior to brachial artery and anterior t long head of triceps
  • passes laterally
  • courses between lateral and medial heads of triceps within radial groove with deep brachial artery
  • circumvents humerus
  • peirces lateral intermuscular septum and goes between brachial is and brachioradialis
  • at lateral epicondyle divides into superficial and deep branches
  • branches pass via separate routes to forearm
  • innervates triceps, portion of skin on posterior surface of arm
24
Q

articular branches to elbow joint

A

ulnar, musculocutaneous, radial, and median nerve innervate elbow joint before leaving brachium

25
Q

Cubital Fossa Boundaries

A 
Lateral- brachioradialis
medial- pronator teres 
superior- line drawn through both humeral epicondyles
roof- deep fascia
floor- brachial is and supinator muscles
26
Q

Cubital fossa contents

A
  1. Tendon of biceps
  2. Brachial artery dividing int radial and ulnar arteries
  3. median nerve
    (“TAN”)
27
Q

Superficial associated structures of cubital fossa

A
  1. median cubital vein

2. lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (from musculocuntaneous nerve)

28
Q

Deep associated structures of cubital fossa

A
  1. bifurcation of radial nerve into superficial and deep branches

MSK (13 decks)

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