Vertigo - Meniere's Disease

Question 1

Pathophysiology of Ménière’s Disease.

Answer 1

Excessive build-up of endolymph in semicircular canals causing a higher pressure than normal, disrupting sensory signals : endolymphatic hydrops.

Question 2

Clinical Features of Ménière’s Disease (7).

Answer 2

1. Hearing Loss.
2. Tinnitus.
3. Vertigo.
4. Sensation of Fullness in Ear.
5. Attacks lasting several hours and not associated with movement or position.
6. Spontaneous Nystagmus (Unilateral).
7. Unexplained Drop Attacks.

Question 3

Hearing Loss in Ménière’s Disease (3).

Answer 3

1. Initially fluctuant, associated with attacks.
2. Gradually permanent.
3. Sensorineural, Unilateral, Low Frequency First.

Question 4

Diagnosis of Ménière’s Disease.

Answer 4

By an ENT Specialist - Clinical Diagnosis.

Question 5

Management of Ménière’s Disease (2).

Answer 5

1. Acute : Buccal/IM Prochlorperazine and Antihistamines.

2. Prophylaxis : Betahistine and Vestibular Rehabilitation Exercise.