Neck Lumps - Branchial Cysts

Question 1

What is a Branchial Cyst?

Answer 1

A congenital abnormality - fluid-filled (with Cholesterol Crystals) lump surrounded by epithelial tissue in the lateral aspect of the neck.

Question 2

Aetiology of Branchial Cyst.

Answer 2

It arises when the second branchial cleft (most commonly) fails to form properly during foetal development.

Question 3

Clinical Features of Branchial Cysts (3).

Answer 3

1. Round.
2. Soft.
3. Non-Tender Cystic Swelling Between Angle of Jaw and SCM in Anterior Triangle of Neck.
   * usually left side

Question 4

Epidemiology of Branchial Cyst.

Answer 4

Present after 10 years - commonly in young adulthood when more noticeable/infected.

Question 5

Management of Branchial Cyst (2).

Answer 5

1. Conservative.

2. Surgical Excision if Recurrent Infections.

Question 6

Why are Branchial Cysts prone to Infection?

Answer 6

Can have a fistula.