Neck Lumps - Thyroglossal Cyst

Question 1

Aetiology of Thyroglossal Cyst (3).

Answer 1

1. Thyroid gland starts at base of tongue during foetal development.
2. Gradually travels down in front of trachea leaving a track behind called the thyroglossal duct (which disappears).
3. Persistence of thyroglossal duct gives rise to fluid-filled cyst.

Question 2

Differential Diagnosis of Thyroglossal Cyst.

Answer 2

Ectopic Thyroid Tissue.

Question 3

Clinical Features of Thyroglossal Cyst (4).

Answer 3

1. Midline of Neck.
2. Mobile and Fluctuant - With Movement of Tongue (Out Tongue = Up Movement).
3. Non-Tender.
4. Soft.

Question 4

Investigations of Thyroglossal Cyst.

Answer 4

US or CT Scan.

Question 5

Management of Thyroglossal Cyst.

Answer 5

Surgical removal for confirmation of diagnosis.

Question 6

Prognosis of Thyroglossal Cyst.

Answer 6

Infection : Hot, Tender and Painful Lump - can reoccur after surgery unless entire thyroglossal duct is removed.